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Salix exigua
  • Coyote Willow

a perennial woody deciduous member of the Salix genus in the family Salicaceae.

248px
Niche
  • Canopy
    Canopy
    There are no details available for this niche.
  • Secondary canopy
    Secondary canopy
    There are no details available for this niche.
Functions
  • Pioneer
    Pioneer
    There are no details available for this function.
  • Soil builder
    Soil builder
    There are no details available for this function.
  • Earth stabiliser
    Earth stabiliser
    There are no details available for this function.
Light
  • Full sun
    Full sun
    The amount of sun exposure that a plant prefers in ideal conditions.
    Key
  • no shade
    No shade
    The amount of shade a plant will tolerate without adverse health affects.
    Key
Water
  • Water Requirementshigh
    High
    The amount of water a plant needs for healthy growth, relative to other plants.
    Key
Soil
  • acid,neutral
    Unknown
    The PH range (acidity or alkilinity) of the growth medium ideal for healthy nutrient absorbtion.
    Key
  • Sandy to Heavy clay
    The soil texture this plant prefers for optimal growth.
    Key
Cold & Heat
  • 2
    Zone 2
    The USDA Hardiness scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the minimum temperature a plant can survive.
    Key
    0< -53.9ºC< -65ºF
    1-51.1ºC-60ºF
    2-45.6ºC-50F
    3-40ºC-40ºF
    4-34.4ºC-30ºF
    5-28.9ºC-20ºF
    6-23.3ºC-10ºF
    7-17.8ºC0ºF
    8-12.2C10ºF
    9-6.7ºC20ºF
    10-1.1ºC30ºF
    114.4ºC40ºF
    12> 10ºC> 5ºF
  • ?
    Unknown
    The AHS Heat scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the number of days per year a plant requires a temperature exceeding 30ºC (86ºF).
    Key
    11
    21 - 7
    38 - 14
    415 - 30
    531 - 45
    646 - 60
    761 - 90
    891 - 120
    9121 - 150
    10151 - 180
    11181 - 210
    12181 - 210
Salix exigua has 0 edible uses listed
Salix exigua has 0 material uses listed
Salix exigua has 0 medicinal uses listed

Uses

Edible uses

Notes

The leaves have been used to make a drink like orange juice[1].

Unknown part

Drink

Material uses

The flexible branches are used in basket making[2][1]. The plant is usually coppiced annually when grown for basket making, though it is possible to coppice it every two years if thick poles are required as uprights.

The bark is used to make rope and string[2][1]. The fibres in the bark have been woven to make clothing, bags and blankets[2][1]. The shredded inner bark has been used to make sanitary towels and babies' nappies[2]. The twigs have been used as toothbrushes[2].

Plants have an extensive root system, spreading rapidly with long surface roots that produce numerous suckers. They are used in soil stabilization projects[3] and also in reclaiming sandbars etc from rivers[4]. This is a vigorous fast-growing species that paves the way for longer-lived woodland trees. It is intolerant of much shade and is eventually out-competed by the other trees[4].

Unknown part

Baby care
Basketry
Fibre
String
Dental care

Medicinal uses(Warning!)

The bark has been used in the treatment of sore throats, coughs and certain fevers[1].

A decoction of the dried roots has been used in the treatment of venereal diseases[1].

The fresh bark of all members of this genus contains salicin[2], which probably decomposes into salicylic acid (closely related to aspirin) in the human body[5]. This is used as an anodyne and febrifuge[2].

Unknown part

Anodyne
Astringent
Febrifuge

Ecology

Ecosystem niche/layer

Canopy or Secondary canopy

Ecological Functions

Pioneer


Soil builder


Earth stabiliser

Forage

Nothing listed.

Shelter

Nothing listed.

Propagation

Seed - must be surface sown as soon as it is ripe in late spring. It has a very short viability, perhaps as little as a few days.

Cuttings of mature wood of the current year's growth, November to February in a sheltered outdoor bed or planted straight into their permanent position and given a good weed-suppressing mulch. Very easy. Plant into their permanent positions in the autumn.

Cuttings of half-ripe wood, June to August in a frame. Very easy.

Practical Plants is currently lacking information on propagation instructions of Salix exigua. Help us fill in the blanks! Edit this page to add your knowledge.



Cultivation

Succeeds in most soils, including wet, ill-drained or intermittently flooded soils[6][7], but prefers a damp, heavy soil in a sunny position[8]. Rarely thrives on chalk[8].

Plants send out underground stems from which new branches sprout. They quickly form dense thickets[4]. The root system is rather aggressive and can cause problems with drains[8]. It is best not to plant this species within 10 metres of buildings. Hybridizes freely with other members of this genus[8]. Although the flowers are produced in catkins early in the year, they are pollinated by bees and other insects rather than by the wind[7]. Plants in this genus are notably susceptible to honey fungus[8].

Dioecious. Male and female plants must be grown if seed is required.

Crops

Problems, pests & diseases

Associations & Interactions

There are no interactions listed for Salix exigua. Do you know of an interaction that should be listed here? edit this page to add it.

Polycultures & Guilds

There are no polycultures listed which include Salix exigua.

Descendants

Cultivars

Varieties

None listed.

Subspecies

None listed.

Full Data

This table shows all the data stored for this plant.

Taxonomy
Binomial name
Salix exigua
Genus
Salix
Family
Salicaceae
Imported References
Edible uses
[1]
Medicinal uses
[1][2][5]
Material uses & Functions
[2][1][3][4]
Botanic
[7][8][9]
Propagation
Cultivation
Environment
Cultivation
Uses
Edible uses
None listed.
Material uses
None listed.
Medicinal uses
None listed.
Functions & Nature
Functions
Pioneer, Soil builder, Earth stabiliser
Provides forage for
Provides shelter for
Environment
Hardiness Zone
2
Heat Zone
?
Water
high
Sun
full sun
Shade
no shade
Soil PH
acid, neutral
Soil Texture
sandy, loamy, clay, heavy clay
Soil Water Retention
Environmental Tolerances
    Ecosystems
    Native Climate Zones
    None listed.
    Adapted Climate Zones
    None listed.
    Native Geographical Range
    None listed.
    Native Environment
    None listed.
    Ecosystem Niche
    Canopy, Secondary canopy
    Root Zone Tendancy
    None listed.
    Life
    Deciduous or Evergreen
    deciduous
    Herbaceous or Woody
    woody
    Life Cycle
    perennial
    Growth Rate
    ?
    Mature Size
    9 x meters
    Fertility
    self sterile
    Pollinators
    Bees
    Flower Colour
    ?
    Flower Type
    dioecious

    "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

    "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.


    "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

    "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

    "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

    "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.






    References

    1. ? 1.01.11.21.31.41.51.61.71.8 Moerman. D. Native American Ethnobotany Timber Press. Oregon. ISBN 0-88192-453-9 (1998-00-00)
    2. ? 2.02.12.22.32.42.52.62.72.8 Lauriault. J. Identification Guide to the Trees of Canada Fitzhenry and Whiteside, Ontario. ISBN 0889025649 (1989-00-00)
    3. ? 3.03.1 Newsholme. C. Willows - The Genus Salix. Batsford ISBN 0713468815 (1992-00-00)
    4. ? 4.04.14.24.3 Elias. T. The Complete Trees of N. America. Field Guide and Natural History. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. ISBN 0442238622 (1980-00-00)
    5. ? 5.05.1 Weiner. M. A. Earth Medicine, Earth Food. Ballantine Books ISBN 0-449-90589-6 (1980-00-00)
    6. ? F. Chittendon. RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 Oxford University Press (1951-00-00)
    7. ? 7.07.17.2 Bean. W. Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Vol 1 - 4 and Supplement. Murray (1981-00-00)
    8. ? 8.08.18.28.38.48.5 Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press ISBN 0-333-47494-5 (1992-00-00)
    9. ? Diggs, Jnr. G.M.; Lipscomb. B. L. & O'Kennon. R. J [Illustrated Flora of North Central Texas] Botanical Research Institute, Texas. (1999-00-00)

    "image:Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

    Retrieved from "https://practicalplants.org/w/index.php?title=Salix_exigua&oldid=80558"
    Facts about "Salix exigua"RDF feed
    Article is incompleteYes +
    Article requires citationsNo +
    Article requires cleanupYes +
    Belongs to familySalicaceae +
    Belongs to genusSalix +
    Functions asPioneer +, Soil builder + and Earth stabiliser +
    Has binomial nameSalix exigua +
    Has common nameCoyote Willow +
    Has drought toleranceIntolerant +
    Has edible partUnknown part +
    Has edible useDrink +
    Has fertility typeSelf sterile + and Bees +
    Has flowers of typeDioecious +
    Has hardiness zone2 +
    Has imageSalix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg +
    Has lifecycle typePerennial +
    Has material partUnknown part +
    Has material useBaby care +, Basketry +, Fibre +, String + and Dental care +
    Has mature height9 +
    Has medicinal partUnknown part +
    Has medicinal useAnodyne +, Astringent + and Febrifuge +
    Has primary imageSalix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg +
    Has search namesalix exigua + and coyote willow +
    Has shade toleranceNo shade +
    Has soil ph preferenceAcid + and Neutral +
    Has soil texture preferenceSandy +, Loamy +, Clay + and Heavy clay +
    Has sun preferenceFull sun +
    Has taxonomic rankSpecies +
    Has taxonomy nameSalix exigua +
    Has water requirementshigh +
    Inhabits ecosystem nicheCanopy + and Secondary canopy +
    Is deciduous or evergreenDeciduous +
    Is herbaceous or woodyWoody +
    Is taxonomy typeSpecies +
    PFAF cultivation notes migratedNo +
    PFAF edible use notes migratedNo +
    PFAF material use notes migratedNo +
    PFAF medicinal use notes migratedNo +
    PFAF propagation notes migratedNo +
    PFAF toxicity notes migratedYes +
    Tolerates nutritionally poor soilNo +
    Uses mature size measurement unitMeters +
    Has subobjectThis property is a special property in this wiki.Salix exigua +, Salix exigua +, Salix exigua +, Salix exigua +, Salix exigua +, Salix exigua +, Salix exigua +, Salix exigua + and Salix exigua +