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Ulmus procera
  • English Elm

a perennial woody deciduous member of the Ulmus genus in the family Ulmaceae.

248px
Niche
  • Canopy
    Canopy
    There are no details available for this niche.
Functions
  • None
    None
    There are no functions defined for this plant. Do you know of some? Click the edit button to add them!
Light
  • Full sun
    Full sun
    The amount of sun exposure that a plant prefers in ideal conditions.
    Key
  • light shade
    Light shade
    The amount of shade a plant will tolerate without adverse health affects.
    Key
Water
  • Water Requirementsmoderate
    Moderate
    The amount of water a plant needs for healthy growth, relative to other plants.
    Key
Soil
  • acid,neutral,alkaline
    Acid to Alkaline
    The PH range (acidity or alkilinity) of the growth medium ideal for healthy nutrient absorbtion.
    Key
  • Sandy to Clay
    The soil texture this plant prefers for optimal growth.
    Key
Cold & Heat
  • 6
    Zone 6
    The USDA Hardiness scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the minimum temperature a plant can survive.
    Key
    0< -53.9ºC< -65ºF
    1-51.1ºC-60ºF
    2-45.6ºC-50F
    3-40ºC-40ºF
    4-34.4ºC-30ºF
    5-28.9ºC-20ºF
    6-23.3ºC-10ºF
    7-17.8ºC0ºF
    8-12.2C10ºF
    9-6.7ºC20ºF
    10-1.1ºC30ºF
    114.4ºC40ºF
    12> 10ºC> 5ºF
  • ?
    Unknown
    The AHS Heat scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the number of days per year a plant requires a temperature exceeding 30ºC (86ºF).
    Key
    11
    21 - 7
    38 - 14
    415 - 30
    531 - 45
    646 - 60
    761 - 90
    891 - 120
    9121 - 150
    10151 - 180
    11181 - 210
    12181 - 210
Ulmus procera has 0 edible uses listed
Ulmus procera has 0 material uses listed
Ulmus procera has 0 medicinal uses listed

Uses

Edible uses

Notes

Leaves - raw or cooked[2, 179, K]. They can be a little bit bitter, especially if not very young, and have a mucilaginous texture[K]. They make a nice addition to a mixed salad[K].

Immature fruits, used just after they are formed - raw[1][2]. An aromatic, unusual flavour, leaving the mouth feeling fresh and the breath smelling pleasant[3]. They contain about 34.4% protein, 28.2% fat, 17% carbohydrate, 5% ash[4]. Inner bark - cooked. A mucilaginous texture[4]. It can be dried, ground into a powder and then used as a thickening in soups etc or mixed with cereals when making bread[1][2].

A tea is made from the leaves[2].

Fruit

Unknown use

Inner bark

Unknown use

Leaves

Unknown use

Unknown part

Tea

Material uses

A fibre from the inner bark is very tough[5]. It is used for making mats and ropes[5].

Tannin and a dyestuff are obtained from the inner bark[6]. No details of the colour are given.

Wood - close-grained, free from knots, very durable under water, fairly hard, elastic, withstands abrasion and salt water, but does not take a high polish. It is used for water pipes, wheels, mallet heads, ships keels etc[5][6][7] and is a good firewood[8].

Unknown part

Dye
Tannin
Wood

Medicinal uses(Warning!)

The dried inner bark is anti-inflammatory, astringent, demulcent, mildly diuretic, resolvent, tonic and vulnerary[5][6][9]. It is used both internally and externally in the treatment of diarrhoea, rheumatism, wounds, piles etc and is also used as a mouthwash in the treatment of ulcers[5][9][10]. The inner bark is harvested from branches 3 - 4 years old and is dried for later use[9].

The sap has been used in the treatment of baldness[6]. The leaves are astringent and have been powdered then used in the treatment of haemorrhoids[6]. A decoction is used to treat reddened and inflamed skin as well as to relieve various skin disorders[6]. The plant is used in Bach flower remedies - the keywords for prescribing it are 'Occasional feelings of inadequacy', 'Despondency' and 'Exhaustion from over-striving for perfection'[11].

A homeopathic remedy is made from the inner bark[5]. It is used as an astringent[5] and as a treatment for eczema[9].

Unknown part

Astringent
Bach
Demulcent
Diuretic
Homeopathy
Mouthwash
Resolvent
Skin
Tonic
Vulnerary

Ecology

Ecosystem niche/layer

Canopy

Ecological Functions

Nothing listed.

Forage

Nothing listed.

Shelter

Nothing listed.

Propagation

Seed - if sown in a cold frame or outdoor seedbed as soon as ripe it usually germinates in a few days. A high proportion of the seed is not viable but seed is normally freely produced and can be sown thickly to take into account the poor viability. Stored seed does not germinate so well and should be sown in early spring. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in the greenhouse for their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts. Plants should not be allowed to grow for more than two years in a nursery bed since they form a tap root and will then move badly. Layering of suckers or coppiced shoots.

Practical Plants is currently lacking information on propagation instructions of Ulmus procera. Help us fill in the blanks! Edit this page to add your knowledge.



Cultivation

Prefers a fertile soil in full sun[12], but is easily grown in any soil of at least moderate quality so long as it is well drained[13]. Tolerant of atmospheric pollution[5].

The English elm is susceptible to 'Dutch elm disease', a disease that has destroyed the greater part of all the elm trees growing in Britain. Mature trees killed back by the disease will often regrow from suckers, but these too will succumb when they get larger. There is no effective cure (1992) for the problem, but most E. Asian, though not Himalayan, species are resistant to the disease so the potential exists to develop new resistant hybrids with the native species[14]. The various species hybridize freely, the pollen stores well and can be kept for use with species that flower at different times[14].

A food plant for the caterpillars of many lepidoptera species[15], there are 80 species of insects associated with this tree[16]. A good tree for growing grapes into[17].

Crops

Problems, pests & diseases

Associations & Interactions

There are no interactions listed for Ulmus procera. Do you know of an interaction that should be listed here? edit this page to add it.

Polycultures & Guilds

There are no polycultures listed which include Ulmus procera.

Descendants

Cultivars

Varieties

None listed.

Subspecies

None listed.

Full Data

This table shows all the data stored for this plant.

Taxonomy
Binomial name
Ulmus procera
Genus
Ulmus
Family
Ulmaceae
Imported References
Edible uses
[1][2][3][4]
Medicinal uses
[5][6][9][10][11]
Material uses & Functions
[5][6][7][8]
Botanic
[7][18][14]
Propagation
Cultivation
Environment
Cultivation
Uses
Edible uses
None listed.
Material uses
None listed.
Medicinal uses
None listed.
Functions & Nature
Functions
Provides forage for
Provides shelter for
Environment
Hardiness Zone
6
Heat Zone
?
Water
moderate
Sun
full sun
Shade
light shade
Soil PH
acid, neutral, alkaline
Soil Texture
sandy, loamy, clay
Soil Water Retention
well drained
Environmental Tolerances
  • Strong wind
  • Maritime exposure
Ecosystems
Native Climate Zones
None listed.
Adapted Climate Zones
None listed.
Native Geographical Range
None listed.
Native Environment
None listed.
Ecosystem Niche
Canopy
Root Zone Tendancy
None listed.
Life
Deciduous or Evergreen
deciduous
Herbaceous or Woody
woody
Life Cycle
perennial
Growth Rate
vigorous
Mature Size
35 x 15 meters
Fertility
?
Pollinators
Wind
Flower Colour
?
Flower Type
hermaphrodite

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"image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.


"image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki."image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki."image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.






References

  1. ? 1.01.11.2 Hedrick. U. P. Sturtevant's Edible Plants of the World. Dover Publications ISBN 0-486-20459-6 (1972-00-00)
  2. ? 2.02.12.22.3 Kunkel. G. Plants for Human Consumption. Koeltz Scientific Books ISBN 3874292169 (1984-00-00)
  3. ? 3.03.1 Bianchini. F., Corbetta. F. and Pistoia. M. Fruits of the Earth. ()
  4. ? 4.04.14.2 Reid. B. E. Famine Foods of the Chiu-Huang Pen-ts'ao. Taipei. Southern Materials Centre (1977-00-00)
  5. ? 5.05.15.25.35.45.55.65.75.85.9 Grieve. A Modern Herbal. Penguin ISBN 0-14-046-440-9 (1984-00-00)
  6. ? 6.06.16.26.36.46.56.66.7 Chiej. R. Encyclopaedia of Medicinal Plants. MacDonald ISBN 0-356-10541-5 (1984-00-00)
  7. ? 7.07.17.2 Bean. W. Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Vol 1 - 4 and Supplement. Murray (1981-00-00)
  8. ? 8.08.1 Mabey. R. Plants with a Purpose. Fontana ISBN 0-00-635555-2 (1979-00-00)
  9. ? 9.09.19.29.39.4 Launert. E. Edible and Medicinal Plants. Hamlyn ISBN 0-600-37216-2 (1981-00-00)
  10. ? 10.010.1 Freethy. R. From Agar to Zenery. The Crowood Press ISBN 0-946284-51-2 (1985-00-00)
  11. ? 11.011.1 Chancellor. P. M. Handbook of the Bach Flower Remedies C. W. Daniel Co. Ltd. ISBN 85207 002 0 (1985-00-00)
  12. ? Brickell. C. The RHS Gardener's Encyclopedia of Plants and Flowers Dorling Kindersley Publishers Ltd. ISBN 0-86318-386-7 (1990-00-00)
  13. ? F. Chittendon. RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 Oxford University Press (1951-00-00)
  14. ? 14.014.114.2 Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press ISBN 0-333-47494-5 (1992-00-00)
  15. ? Carter D. Butterflies and Moths in Britain and Europe. Pan ISBN 0-330-26642-x (1982-00-00)
  16. ? Baines. C. Making a Wildlife Garden. ()
  17. ? Philbrick H. and Gregg R. B. Companion Plants. Watkins (1979-00-00)
  18. ? Clapham, Tootin and Warburg. Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press (1962-00-00)

"image:English elm foliage.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

Retrieved from "https://practicalplants.org/w/index.php?title=Ulmus_procera&oldid=81470"
Facts about "Ulmus procera"RDF feed
Article is incompleteYes +
Article requires citationsNo +
Article requires cleanupYes +
Belongs to familyUlmaceae +
Belongs to genusUlmus +
Has binomial nameUlmus procera +
Has common nameEnglish Elm +
Has drought toleranceIntolerant +
Has edible partFruit +, Inner bark +, Leaves + and Unknown part +
Has edible useUnknown use + and Tea +
Has environmental toleranceMaritime exposure + and High wind +
Has fertility typeWind +
Has flowers of typeHermaphrodite +
Has growth rateVigorous +
Has hardiness zone6 +
Has imageEnglish elm foliage.jpg +
Has lifecycle typePerennial +
Has material partUnknown part +
Has material useDye +, Tannin + and Wood +
Has mature height35 +
Has mature width15 +
Has medicinal partUnknown part +
Has medicinal useAstringent +, Bach +, Demulcent +, Diuretic +, Homeopathy +, Mouthwash +, Resolvent +, Skin +, Tonic + and Vulnerary +
Has primary imageEnglish elm foliage.jpg +
Has search nameulmus procera + and english elm +
Has shade toleranceLight shade +
Has soil ph preferenceAcid +, Neutral + and Alkaline +
Has soil texture preferenceSandy +, Loamy + and Clay +
Has soil water retention preferenceWell drained +
Has sun preferenceFull sun +
Has taxonomic rankSpecies +
Has taxonomy nameUlmus procera +
Has water requirementsmoderate +
Inhabits ecosystem nicheCanopy +
Is deciduous or evergreenDeciduous +
Is herbaceous or woodyWoody +
Is taxonomy typeSpecies +
PFAF cultivation notes migratedNo +
PFAF edible use notes migratedNo +
PFAF material use notes migratedNo +
PFAF medicinal use notes migratedNo +
PFAF propagation notes migratedNo +
PFAF toxicity notes migratedYes +
Tolerates maritime exposureYes +
Tolerates nutritionally poor soilNo +
Tolerates windYes +
Uses mature size measurement unitMeters +
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