This is an archived copy of this article, recovered after a server failure in January 2022.

Some links may be broken, and editing is disabled. We are working to bring back full functionality.

Eucalyptus viminalis
  • Manna Gum

a perennial woody evergreen member of the Eucalyptus genus in the family Myrtaceae.

248px
Niche
  • Canopy
    Canopy
    There are no details available for this niche.
Functions
  • Earth stabiliser
    Earth stabiliser
    There are no details available for this function.
Light
  • Full sun
    Full sun
    The amount of sun exposure that a plant prefers in ideal conditions.
    Key
  • no shade
    No shade
    The amount of shade a plant will tolerate without adverse health affects.
    Key
Water
  • Water Requirementshigh
    High
    The amount of water a plant needs for healthy growth, relative to other plants.
    Key
Soil
  • acid,neutral,alkaline
    Acid to Alkaline
    The PH range (acidity or alkilinity) of the growth medium ideal for healthy nutrient absorbtion.
    Key
  • Sandy to Clay
    The soil texture this plant prefers for optimal growth.
    Key
Cold & Heat
  • 8
    Zone 8
    The USDA Hardiness scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the minimum temperature a plant can survive.
    Key
    0< -53.9ºC< -65ºF
    1-51.1ºC-60ºF
    2-45.6ºC-50F
    3-40ºC-40ºF
    4-34.4ºC-30ºF
    5-28.9ºC-20ºF
    6-23.3ºC-10ºF
    7-17.8ºC0ºF
    8-12.2C10ºF
    9-6.7ºC20ºF
    10-1.1ºC30ºF
    114.4ºC40ºF
    12> 10ºC> 5ºF
  • ?
    Unknown
    The AHS Heat scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the number of days per year a plant requires a temperature exceeding 30ºC (86ºF).
    Key
    11
    21 - 7
    38 - 14
    415 - 30
    531 - 45
    646 - 60
    761 - 90
    891 - 120
    9121 - 150
    10151 - 180
    11181 - 210
    12181 - 210
Eucalyptus viminalis has 0 edible uses listed
Eucalyptus viminalis has 0 material uses listed
Eucalyptus viminalis has 0 medicinal uses listed

Uses

Toxic parts

Citronellal, an essential oil found in most Eucalyptus species is reported to be mutagenic when used in isolation[1]. In large doses, oil of eucalyptus, like so many essential oils has caused fatalities from intestinal irritation[1]. Death is reported from ingestion of 4 - 24 ml of essential oils, but recoveries are also reported for the same amount[1]. Symptoms include gastroenteric burning and irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, oxygen deficiency, ,weakness, dizziness, stupor, difficult respiration, delirium, paralysis, convulsions, and death, usually due to respiratory failure[1].

Edible uses

Notes

A manna is exuded from the leaves[2][3][4] (from the bark as well according to some reports[5][4]) as a result of insect damage[6]. The red gum or manna exuding from cracks in the bark is eaten eagerly by boys[1]. Eucalyptus manna, which exudes from punctures in summer months, is sometimes consumed[1]. A very pleasant sweet taste[7][8], it is slightly laxative[9]. The aboriginal Australians collected it after it fell to the ground, or they scraped it from the leaves[10]. Heavily covered leaves were pounded and baked[10]. Since the manna is probably formed as a result of insect damage, it is quite possible that it will not be formed in Britain because the same insects will not be able to live here[K]. The manna contains the sugars arabinose, raffinose, dextrose, and sucrose[1].

Sap

Manna

Material uses

The leaves contain between 0.35 - 0.75% essential oil, of which 50 - 65% is cineol, 5% is pinene, and 10% is eudesmol[11][1].

The bark contains 4.8 - 8% tannin[1]. The red gum or manna exuding from cracks in the bark has been used for making adhesives[1]. Planted in S. Europe for soil stabilization and to drain marshes in order to get rid of malarial mosquitoes[12].

Wood - coarse grained, durable in the soil[7][5], excellent quality[13]. In rich soils the wood is not so hard or durable[14]. The wood, which weighs about 51 lb./cu ft, is used for building, construction, joinery, and vehicles[1]. It is considered suitable for paper pulp[1] and is a moderately good fuel[14].

Unknown part

Adhesive
Essential
Fuel
Repellent
Wood

Medicinal uses(Warning!)

A sweet manna exuded from the plant has a mild laxative effect[9][15].

The essential oil found in the leaves shows an antiviral effect and can be used in the treatment of influenza[1]. The leaves inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus[1].

The leafy twig decoction was used to bathe rheumatic limbs[1].

Unknown part

Antiviral
Laxative

Ecology

Ecosystem niche/layer

Canopy

Ecological Functions

Earth stabiliser

Forage

Nothing listed.

Shelter

Nothing listed.

Propagation

Seed - surface sow February/March in a sunny position in a greenhouse[3][16][17]. Species that come from high altitudes appreciate 6 - 8 weeks cold stratification at 2°c[18]. Pot up the seedlings into individual pots as soon as the second set of seed leaves has developed, if left longer than this they might not move well. Plant out into their permanent positions in early summer and give them some protection from the cold in their first winter. The seed can also be sown in June, the young trees being planted in their final positions in late spring of the following year. The seed has a long viability[18].

Practical Plants is currently lacking information on propagation instructions of Eucalyptus viminalis. Help us fill in the blanks! Edit this page to add your knowledge.



Cultivation

Prefers a sunny position in a moderately fertile well-drained moisture retentive circum-neutral soil[18]. Tolerates poor soils, especially those low in mineral elements[18]. Tolerates dry soils and also drought once it is established[18].

A fairly hardy species, one report suggests that it is hardy to between -15°c and -20°c[18] whilst another says that plants succumb to hard frosts[3]. Eucalyptus species have not adopted a deciduous habit and continue to grow until it is too cold for them to do so. This makes them more susceptible to damage from sudden cold snaps. If temperature fluctuations are more gradual, as in a woodland for example, the plants have the opportunity to stop growing and become dormant, thus making them more cold resistant. A deep mulch around the roots to prevent the soil from freezing also helps the trees to survive cold conditions. The members of this genus are remarkably adaptable however, there can be a dramatic increase in the hardiness of subsequent generations from the seed of survivors growing in temperate zones[18]. Eucalyptus monocultures are an environmental disaster, they are voracious, allelopathic and encourage the worst possible attitudes to land use and conservation[18]. A fast growing tree, it is often cultivated in S.W. Europe for timber, soil stabilization shelter and as an anti-malarial measure, the trees are capable of drying out wet ground, making it unsuitable for mosquitoes to breed in[12]. This species is very easily confused with E. dalrympleana[3]. Plants are shallow-rooting and, especially in windy areas, should be planted out into their permanent positions when small to ensure that they do not suffer from wind-rock[19]. They strongly resent root disturbance and should be container grown before planting out into their permanent position[3].

The flowers are rich in nectar and are a good bee crop[18].

Crops

Problems, pests & diseases

Associations & Interactions

There are no interactions listed for Eucalyptus viminalis. Do you know of an interaction that should be listed here? edit this page to add it.

Polycultures & Guilds

There are no polycultures listed which include Eucalyptus viminalis.

Descendants

Cultivars

Varieties

None listed.

Subspecies

None listed.

Full Data

This table shows all the data stored for this plant.

Taxonomy
Binomial name
Eucalyptus viminalis
Genus
Eucalyptus
Family
Myrtaceae
Imported References
Edible uses
[2][3][4][5][6][1][7][8][9][10]
Medicinal uses
[9][15][1]
Material uses & Functions
[11][1][12][7][5][13][14]
Botanic
[3][18]
Propagation
Cultivation
Environment
Cultivation
Uses
Edible uses
None listed.
Material uses
None listed.
Medicinal uses
None listed.
Functions & Nature
Functions
Earth stabiliser
Provides forage for
Provides shelter for
Environment
Hardiness Zone
8
Heat Zone
?
Water
high
Sun
full sun
Shade
no shade
Soil PH
acid, neutral, alkaline
Soil Texture
sandy, loamy, clay
Soil Water Retention
well drained
Environmental Tolerances
  • Drought
Ecosystems
Native Climate Zones
None listed.
Adapted Climate Zones
None listed.
Native Geographical Range
None listed.
Native Environment
None listed.
Ecosystem Niche
Canopy
Root Zone Tendancy
None listed.
Life
Deciduous or Evergreen
evergreen
Herbaceous or Woody
woody
Life Cycle
perennial
Growth Rate
vigorous
Mature Size
30 x 15 meters
Fertility
?
Pollinators
Bees
Flower Colour
?
Flower Type
hermaphrodite

"image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.


"image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki."image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.






References

  1. ? 1.001.011.021.031.041.051.061.071.081.091.101.111.121.131.141.151.161.17 Duke. J. Handbook of Energy Crops - (1983-00-00)
  2. ? 2.02.1 Grieve. A Modern Herbal. Penguin ISBN 0-14-046-440-9 (1984-00-00)
  3. ? 3.03.13.23.33.43.53.6 Bean. W. Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Vol 1 - 4 and Supplement. Murray (1981-00-00)
  4. ? 4.04.14.2 Kunkel. G. Plants for Human Consumption. Koeltz Scientific Books ISBN 3874292169 (1984-00-00)
  5. ? 5.05.15.25.3 Usher. G. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. Constable ISBN 0094579202 (1974-00-00)
  6. ? 6.06.1 Cribb. A. B. and J. W. Wild Food in Australia. Fontana ISBN 0-00-634436-4 (1976-00-00)
  7. ? 7.07.17.27.3 Uphof. J. C. Th. Dictionary of Economic Plants. Weinheim (1959-00-00)
  8. ? 8.08.1 Tanaka. T. Tanaka's Cyclopaedia of Edible Plants of the World. Keigaku Publishing (1976-00-00)
  9. ? 9.09.19.29.3 Lassak. E. V. and McCarthy. T. Australian Medicinal Plants. ()
  10. ? 10.010.110.2 Facciola. S. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications ISBN 0-9628087-0-9 (1990-00-00)
  11. ? 11.011.1 Ewart. A. J. Flora of Victoria. ()
  12. ? 12.012.112.2 ? Flora Europaea Cambridge University Press (1964-00-00)
  13. ? 13.013.1 Kelly. S. Eucalypts. (2 volumes.) Nelson, Melbourne (1969-00-00)
  14. ? 14.014.114.2 Arnberger. L. P. Flowers of the Southwest Mountains. Southwestern Monuments Ass. (1968-00-00)
  15. ? 15.015.1 Bown. D. Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 0-7513-020-31 (1995-00-00)
  16. ? Sheat. W. G. Propagation of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers. MacMillan and Co (1948-00-00)
  17. ? Rice. G. (Editor) Growing from Seed. Volume 2. Thompson and Morgan. (1988-00-00)
  18. ? 18.018.118.218.318.418.518.618.718.818.9 Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press ISBN 0-333-47494-5 (1992-00-00)
  19. ? Genders. R. Scented Flora of the World. Robert Hale. London. ISBN 0-7090-5440-8 (1994-00-00)

"image:Eucalyptus viminalis.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

Retrieved from "https://practicalplants.org/w/index.php?title=Eucalyptus_viminalis&oldid=77213"
Facts about "Eucalyptus viminalis"RDF feed
Article is incompleteYes +
Article requires citationsNo +
Article requires cleanupYes +
Belongs to familyMyrtaceae +
Belongs to genusEucalyptus +
Functions asEarth stabiliser +
Has binomial nameEucalyptus viminalis +
Has common nameManna Gum +
Has drought toleranceTolerant +
Has edible partSap +
Has edible useManna +
Has environmental toleranceDrought +
Has fertility typeBees +
Has flowers of typeHermaphrodite +
Has growth rateVigorous +
Has hardiness zone8 +
Has imageEucalyptus viminalis.jpg +
Has lifecycle typePerennial +
Has material partUnknown part +
Has material useAdhesive +, Essential +, Fuel +, Repellent + and Wood +
Has mature height30 +
Has mature width15 +
Has medicinal partUnknown part +
Has medicinal useAntiviral + and Laxative +
Has primary imageEucalyptus viminalis.jpg +
Has search nameeucalyptus viminalis + and manna gum +
Has shade toleranceNo shade +
Has soil ph preferenceAcid +, Neutral + and Alkaline +
Has soil texture preferenceSandy +, Loamy + and Clay +
Has soil water retention preferenceWell drained +
Has sun preferenceFull sun +
Has taxonomic rankSpecies +
Has taxonomy nameEucalyptus viminalis +
Has water requirementshigh +
Inhabits ecosystem nicheCanopy +
Is deciduous or evergreenEvergreen +
Is herbaceous or woodyWoody +
Is taxonomy typeSpecies +
PFAF cultivation notes migratedNo +
PFAF edible use notes migratedNo +
PFAF material use notes migratedNo +
PFAF medicinal use notes migratedNo +
PFAF propagation notes migratedNo +
PFAF toxicity notes migratedNo +
Tolerates nutritionally poor soilNo +
Uses mature size measurement unitMeters +
Has subobjectThis property is a special property in this wiki.Eucalyptus viminalis +, Eucalyptus viminalis +, Eucalyptus viminalis +, Eucalyptus viminalis +, Eucalyptus viminalis +, Eucalyptus viminalis +, Eucalyptus viminalis + and Eucalyptus viminalis +