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Casuarina cunninghamiana
  • River She-Oak

a perennial woody evergreen member of the Casuarina genus in the family Casuarinaceae.

248px
Niche
  • Canopy
    Canopy
    There are no details available for this niche.
Functions
  • Windbreak
    Windbreak
    There are no details available for this function.
  • Soil builder
    Soil builder
    There are no details available for this function.
  • Earth stabiliser
    Earth stabiliser
    There are no details available for this function.
  • Nitrogen fixer
    Nitrogen fixer
    There are no details available for this function.
Light
  • Full sun
    Full sun
    The amount of sun exposure that a plant prefers in ideal conditions.
    Key
  • no shade
    No shade
    The amount of shade a plant will tolerate without adverse health affects.
    Key
Water
  • Water Requirementsmoderate
    Moderate
    The amount of water a plant needs for healthy growth, relative to other plants.
    Key
Soil
  • acid,neutral,alkaline
    Acid to Alkaline
    The PH range (acidity or alkilinity) of the growth medium ideal for healthy nutrient absorbtion.
    Key
  • Sandy to Clay
    The soil texture this plant prefers for optimal growth.
    Key
Cold & Heat
  • 9
    Zone 9
    The USDA Hardiness scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the minimum temperature a plant can survive.
    Key
    0< -53.9ºC< -65ºF
    1-51.1ºC-60ºF
    2-45.6ºC-50F
    3-40ºC-40ºF
    4-34.4ºC-30ºF
    5-28.9ºC-20ºF
    6-23.3ºC-10ºF
    7-17.8ºC0ºF
    8-12.2C10ºF
    9-6.7ºC20ºF
    10-1.1ºC30ºF
    114.4ºC40ºF
    12> 10ºC> 5ºF
  • ?
    Unknown
    The AHS Heat scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the number of days per year a plant requires a temperature exceeding 30ºC (86ºF).
    Key
    11
    21 - 7
    38 - 14
    415 - 30
    531 - 45
    646 - 60
    761 - 90
    891 - 120
    9121 - 150
    10151 - 180
    11181 - 210
    12181 - 210
Casuarina cunninghamiana has 0 material uses listed

Uses

Edible uses

There are no edible uses listed for Casuarina cunninghamiana.

Material uses

Gold, green and grey dyes are obtained from the leaves[1].

The bark can be used as tanbark[2]. The plant forms suckers and is a good soil stabilizer[1]. It is much planted in Egypt for protecting roads from the sand[2]. It is often planted along the sides of streams to protect them from erosion[2]. In suitable climates, the plant is much used in windbreaks, shelterbelts and for land reclamation[2].

Wood - dark, durable, closely grained, nicely marked, not as heavy as that of other members of this genus. Used for flooring, axe handles, firewood, poles etc[1][2].

Unknown part

Dye
Tannin
Wood

Medicinal uses(Warning!)

There are no medicinal uses listed for Casuarina cunninghamiana.

Ecology

Ecosystem niche/layer

Canopy

Ecological Functions

Windbreak


Soil builder


Earth stabiliser


Nitrogen fixer

Forage

Nothing listed.

Shelter

Nothing listed.

Propagation

Seed - sow late winter to early summer in a greenhouse and only just cover the seed[3]. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in a greenhouse for at least their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts. There are 440,000 - 550,000 seeds per kilo[2]. Cuttings of half-ripe wood, July/August in a frame[4][5].

Practical Plants is currently lacking information on propagation instructions of Casuarina cunninghamiana. Help us fill in the blanks! Edit this page to add your knowledge.



Cultivation

Requires a well-drained moisture-retentive soil in full sun[5]. Succeeds in most soils, whether well-drained or damp, in Australian gardens[4][6]. The plant is reported to tolerate acid soils, alkaline soils, calcareous soils (perhaps chlorotic), drought, muck, sand dunes, salt, weeds, and wind[2]. Plants tolerate an annual precipitation in the range of 50 to 150cm[2].

This plant tolerates temperatures down to at least -7°c in Australian gardens[4] although this cannot be translated directly to British gardens due to our cooler summers and longer, colder wetter winters. It experiences severe frosts in parts of its range[6] and so some provenances should succeed outdoors in the mildest areas of this country. Plants have survived temperatures of -8°C with no apparent injury. They are said to tolerate up to 50 light frosts per year[2]. Closely related to C. glauca and often hybridises in the wild with that species[7]. This species has a symbiotic relationship with certain soil micro-organisms, these form nodules on the roots of the plants and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Some of this nitrogen is utilized by the growing plant but some can also be used by other plants growing nearby[4][5].

Dioecious, male and female plants must be grown if seed is required.

Crops

Problems, pests & diseases

Associations & Interactions

There are no interactions listed for Casuarina cunninghamiana. Do you know of an interaction that should be listed here? edit this page to add it.

Polycultures & Guilds

There are no polycultures listed which include Casuarina cunninghamiana.

Descendants

Cultivars

Varieties

None listed.

Subspecies

None listed.

Full Data

This table shows all the data stored for this plant.

Taxonomy
Binomial name
Casuarina cunninghamiana
Genus
Casuarina
Family
Casuarinaceae
Imported References
Edible uses
Medicinal uses
Material uses & Functions
[1][2]
Botanic
[5][7]
Propagation
Cultivation
Environment
Cultivation
Uses
Edible uses
None listed.
Material uses
None listed.
Medicinal uses
None listed.
Functions & Nature
Functions
Windbreak, Soil builder, Earth stabiliser, Nitrogen fixer
Provides forage for
Provides shelter for
Environment
Hardiness Zone
9
Heat Zone
?
Water
moderate
Sun
full sun
Shade
no shade
Soil PH
acid, neutral, alkaline
Soil Texture
sandy, loamy, clay
Soil Water Retention
well drained
Environmental Tolerances
    Ecosystems
    Native Climate Zones
    None listed.
    Adapted Climate Zones
    None listed.
    Native Geographical Range
    None listed.
    Native Environment
    None listed.
    Ecosystem Niche
    Canopy
    Root Zone Tendancy
    None listed.
    Life
    Deciduous or Evergreen
    evergreen
    Herbaceous or Woody
    woody
    Life Cycle
    perennial
    Growth Rate
    ?
    Mature Size
    18 x meters
    Fertility
    self sterile
    Pollinators
    ?
    Flower Colour
    ?
    Flower Type
    dioecious

    "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

    "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.


    "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

    "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

    "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.






    References

    1. ? 1.01.11.21.3 Cribb. A. B. and J. W. Useful Wild Plants in Australia. William Collins Pty Ltd. Sidney ISBN 0-00-216441-8 (1981-00-00)
    2. ? 2.02.12.22.32.42.52.62.72.82.9 Duke. J. Handbook of Energy Crops - (1983-00-00)
    3. ? Bird. R. (Editor) Growing from Seed. Volume 3. Thompson and Morgan. (1989-00-00)
    4. ? 4.04.14.24.3 Wrigley. J. W. and Fagg. M. Australian Native Plants. Collins. (Australia) ISBN 0-7322-0021-0 (1988-00-00)
    5. ? 5.05.15.25.3 Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press ISBN 0-333-47494-5 (1992-00-00)
    6. ? 6.06.1 Holliday. I. and Hill. R. A Field Guide to Australian Trees. Frederick Muller Ltd. ISBN 0-85179-627-3 (1974-00-00)
    7. ? 7.07.1 Carolin. R. & Tindale. M. Flora of the Sydney Region Reed. Australia. ISBN 0730104001 (1993-00-00)

    "image:Casuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

    Retrieved from "http://practicalplants.org/w/index.php?title=Casuarina_cunninghamiana&oldid=76011"
    Facts about "Casuarina cunninghamiana"RDF feed
    Article is incompleteYes +
    Article requires citationsNo +
    Article requires cleanupYes +
    Belongs to familyCasuarinaceae +
    Belongs to genusCasuarina +
    Functions asWindbreak +, Soil builder +, Earth stabiliser + and Nitrogen fixer +
    Has binomial nameCasuarina cunninghamiana +
    Has common nameRiver She-Oak +
    Has drought toleranceIntolerant +
    Has fertility typeSelf sterile +
    Has flowers of typeDioecious +
    Has hardiness zone9 +
    Has imageCasuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg +
    Has lifecycle typePerennial +
    Has material partUnknown part +
    Has material useDye +, Tannin + and Wood +
    Has mature height18 +
    Has primary imageCasuarina cunninghamiana fruit and leaves01.jpg +
    Has search namecasuarina cunninghamiana + and river she-oak +
    Has shade toleranceNo shade +
    Has soil ph preferenceAcid +, Neutral + and Alkaline +
    Has soil texture preferenceSandy +, Loamy + and Clay +
    Has soil water retention preferenceWell drained +
    Has sun preferenceFull sun +
    Has taxonomic rankSpecies +
    Has taxonomy nameCasuarina cunninghamiana +
    Has water requirementsmoderate +
    Inhabits ecosystem nicheCanopy +
    Is deciduous or evergreenEvergreen +
    Is herbaceous or woodyWoody +
    Is taxonomy typeSpecies +
    PFAF cultivation notes migratedNo +
    PFAF edible use notes migratedYes +
    PFAF material use notes migratedNo +
    PFAF medicinal use notes migratedYes +
    PFAF propagation notes migratedNo +
    PFAF toxicity notes migratedYes +
    Tolerates nutritionally poor soilNo +
    Uses mature size measurement unitMeters +
    Has subobjectThis property is a special property in this wiki.Casuarina cunninghamiana +, Casuarina cunninghamiana + and Casuarina cunninghamiana +