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Salix viminalis
  • Osier

a perennial woody deciduous member of the Salix genus in the family Salicaceae.

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Niche
  • Unknown
    Unknown
    The ecosystem niches for this plant are unknown. Do you know them? Click the edit button to add them!
Functions
  • Earth stabiliser
    Earth stabiliser
    There are no details available for this function.
Light
  • Full sun
    Full sun
    The amount of sun exposure that a plant prefers in ideal conditions.
    Key
  • no shade
    No shade
    The amount of shade a plant will tolerate without adverse health affects.
    Key
Water
  • Water Requirementshigh
    High
    The amount of water a plant needs for healthy growth, relative to other plants.
    Key
Soil
  • acid,neutral,alkaline
    Unknown
    The PH range (acidity or alkilinity) of the growth medium ideal for healthy nutrient absorbtion.
    Key
  • Sandy to Heavy clay
    The soil texture this plant prefers for optimal growth.
    Key
Cold & Heat
  • 4
    Zone 4
    The USDA Hardiness scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the minimum temperature a plant can survive.
    Key
    0< -53.9ºC< -65ºF
    1-51.1ºC-60ºF
    2-45.6ºC-50F
    3-40ºC-40ºF
    4-34.4ºC-30ºF
    5-28.9ºC-20ºF
    6-23.3ºC-10ºF
    7-17.8ºC0ºF
    8-12.2C10ºF
    9-6.7ºC20ºF
    10-1.1ºC30ºF
    114.4ºC40ºF
    12> 10ºC> 5ºF
  • ?
    Unknown
    The AHS Heat scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the number of days per year a plant requires a temperature exceeding 30ºC (86ºF).
    Key
    11
    21 - 7
    38 - 14
    415 - 30
    531 - 45
    646 - 60
    761 - 90
    891 - 120
    9121 - 150
    10151 - 180
    11181 - 210
    12181 - 210
Salix viminalis has 0 edible uses listed
Salix viminalis has 0 material uses listed
Salix viminalis has 0 medicinal uses listed

Uses

Edible uses

Notes

Inner bark - raw or cooked. It can be dried, ground into a powder and then added to cereal flour for use in making bread etc. A very bitter flavour, it is a famine food that is only used when all else fails[1]. Young shoots - cooked. Not very palatable[1].

Inner bark

Unknown use

Leaves

Unknown use

Material uses

The stems are very flexible and are used in basket making[2][3][4]. The plant is usually coppiced annually when grown for basket making, though it is possible to coppice it every two years if thick poles are required as uprights. The annual yield can be around 12 tonnes per hectare, 40% of which is class 1[5].

The bark contains about 10% tannin[6].

Often planted along the banks of rivers and lakes to prevent soil erosion[7].

Unknown part

Basketry
Tannin

Medicinal uses(Warning!)

Antirheumatic, febrifuge[8]. The fresh bark of all members of this genus contains salicin[9], which probably decomposes into salicylic acid (closely related to aspirin) in the human body[10]. This is used as an anodyne and febrifuge[9].

Unknown part

Anodyne
Antirheumatic
Febrifuge

Ecology

Ecosystem niche/layer

Ecological Functions

Earth stabiliser

Forage

Nothing listed.

Shelter

Nothing listed.

Propagation

Seed - must be surface sown as soon as it is ripe in late spring. It has a very short viability, perhaps as little as a few days.

Cuttings of mature wood of the current year's growth, November to February in a sheltered outdoor bed or planted straight into their permanent position and given a good weed-suppressing mulch. Very easy. Plant into their permanent positions in the autumn.

Cuttings of half-ripe wood, June to August in a frame. Very easy.

Practical Plants is currently lacking information on propagation instructions of Salix viminalis. Help us fill in the blanks! Edit this page to add your knowledge.



Cultivation

Succeeds in most soils, including wet, ill-drained or intermittently flooded soils[7][2], but prefers a damp, heavy soil in a sunny position[11]. Dislikes heavy shade and dry soils[12]. Rarely thrives on chalk[11]. Tolerates atmospheric pollution[12]. A fast growing tree, it is very wind resistant[K].

Widely cultivated for basket making, there are many named varieties[2][13]. Trees are usually coppiced annually for this purpose, they do not respond so well to pollarding. It should be cut back almost to ground level each year when being grown for basket making since this encourages the production of long flexible shoots[2]. In very good conditions plants can put on 4 metres or more of new growth in a year when treated in this way. A very important food source for the caterpillars of many butterfly species[14], it is also a valuable early pollen source for bees[2][12]. The plants are rich in insect life[12]. Best planted into its permanent position as soon as possible[2]. The root system is rather aggressive and can cause problems with drains[11]. Plants are best not grown within 10 metres of buildings. Plants in this genus are notably susceptible to honey fungus[11].

Dioecious. Male and female plants must be grown if seed is required.

Crops

Problems, pests & diseases

Associations & Interactions

There are no interactions listed for Salix viminalis. Do you know of an interaction that should be listed here? edit this page to add it.

Polycultures & Guilds

There are no polycultures listed which include Salix viminalis.

Descendants

Cultivars

Varieties

None listed.

Subspecies

None listed.

Full Data

This table shows all the data stored for this plant.

Taxonomy
Binomial name
Salix viminalis
Genus
Salix
Family
Salicaceae
Imported References
Edible uses
[1]
Medicinal uses
[8][9][10]
Material uses & Functions
[2][3][4][5][6][7]
Botanic
[2][13][11]
Propagation
Cultivation
Environment
Cultivation
Uses
Edible uses
None listed.
Material uses
None listed.
Medicinal uses
None listed.
Functions & Nature
Functions
Earth stabiliser
Provides forage for
Provides shelter for
Environment
Hardiness Zone
4
Heat Zone
?
Water
high
Sun
full sun
Shade
no shade
Soil PH
acid, neutral, alkaline
Soil Texture
sandy, loamy, clay, heavy clay
Soil Water Retention
Environmental Tolerances
  • Strong wind
Ecosystems
Native Climate Zones
None listed.
Adapted Climate Zones
None listed.
Native Geographical Range
None listed.
Native Environment
None listed.
Ecosystem Niche
None listed.
Root Zone Tendancy
None listed.
Life
Deciduous or Evergreen
deciduous
Herbaceous or Woody
woody
Life Cycle
perennial
Growth Rate
vigorous
Mature Size
6 x 4 meters
Fertility
self sterile
Pollinators
Bees
Flower Colour
?
Flower Type
dioecious

"image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.


"image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki."image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.






References

  1. ? 1.01.11.2 Schofield. J. J. Discovering Wild Plants - Alaska, W. Canada and the Northwest. ()
  2. ? 2.02.12.22.32.42.52.62.7 Bean. W. Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Vol 1 - 4 and Supplement. Murray (1981-00-00)
  3. ? 3.03.1 Wright. D. Complete Book of Baskets and Basketry. David and Charles ISBN 0-7153-7449-4 (1977-00-00)
  4. ? 4.04.1 Uphof. J. C. Th. Dictionary of Economic Plants. Weinheim (1959-00-00)
  5. ? 5.05.1 Komarov. V. L. Flora of the USSR. Israel Program for Scientific Translation (1968-00-00)
  6. ? 6.06.1 Rottsieper. E.H.W. Vegetable Tannins The Forestal Land, Timber and Railways Co. Ltd. (1946-00-00)
  7. ? 7.07.17.2 F. Chittendon. RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 Oxford University Press (1951-00-00)
  8. ? 8.08.1 Triska. Dr. Hamlyn Encyclopaedia of Plants. Hamlyn ISBN 0-600-33545-3 (1975-00-00)
  9. ? 9.09.19.2 Lauriault. J. Identification Guide to the Trees of Canada Fitzhenry and Whiteside, Ontario. ISBN 0889025649 (1989-00-00)
  10. ? 10.010.1 Weiner. M. A. Earth Medicine, Earth Food. Ballantine Books ISBN 0-449-90589-6 (1980-00-00)
  11. ? 11.011.111.211.311.4 Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press ISBN 0-333-47494-5 (1992-00-00)
  12. ? 12.012.112.212.3 Beckett. G. and K. Planting Native Trees and Shrubs. Jarrold (1979-00-00)
  13. ? 13.013.1 Clapham, Tootin and Warburg. Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press (1962-00-00)
  14. ? Carter D. Butterflies and Moths in Britain and Europe. Pan ISBN 0-330-26642-x (1982-00-00)

"image:Illustration Salix viminalis0.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

Retrieved from "https://practicalplants.org/w/index.php?title=Salix_viminalis&oldid=80589"
Facts about "Salix viminalis"RDF feed
Article is incompleteYes +
Article requires citationsNo +
Article requires cleanupYes +
Belongs to familySalicaceae +
Belongs to genusSalix +
Functions asEarth stabiliser +
Has binomial nameSalix viminalis +
Has common nameOsier +
Has drought toleranceIntolerant +
Has edible partInner bark + and Leaves +
Has edible useUnknown use +
Has environmental toleranceHigh wind +
Has fertility typeSelf sterile + and Bees +
Has flowers of typeDioecious +
Has growth rateVigorous +
Has hardiness zone4 +
Has imageIllustration Salix viminalis0.jpg +
Has lifecycle typePerennial +
Has material partUnknown part +
Has material useBasketry + and Tannin +
Has mature height6 +
Has mature width4 +
Has medicinal partUnknown part +
Has medicinal useAnodyne +, Antirheumatic + and Febrifuge +
Has primary imageIllustration Salix viminalis0.jpg +
Has search namesalix viminalis + and osier +
Has shade toleranceNo shade +
Has soil ph preferenceAcid +, Neutral + and Alkaline +
Has soil texture preferenceSandy +, Loamy +, Clay + and Heavy clay +
Has sun preferenceFull sun +
Has taxonomic rankSpecies +
Has taxonomy nameSalix viminalis +
Has water requirementshigh +
Is deciduous or evergreenDeciduous +
Is herbaceous or woodyWoody +
Is taxonomy typeSpecies +
PFAF cultivation notes migratedNo +
PFAF edible use notes migratedNo +
PFAF material use notes migratedNo +
PFAF medicinal use notes migratedNo +
PFAF propagation notes migratedNo +
PFAF toxicity notes migratedYes +
Tolerates nutritionally poor soilNo +
Tolerates windYes +
Uses mature size measurement unitMeters +
Has subobjectThis property is a special property in this wiki.Salix viminalis +, Salix viminalis +, Salix viminalis +, Salix viminalis +, Salix viminalis +, Salix viminalis + and Salix viminalis +