Rhus x pulvinata

Fruit - raw or cooked^[1][2][3]. The fruit is small with very little flesh, but it is produced in fairly large panicles and so is easily harvested. When soaked for 10 - 30 minutes in hot or cold water it makes a very refreshing lemonade-like drink (without any fizz of course)^{[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]}. The mixture should not be boiled since this will release tannic acids and make the drink astringent. Root - peeled and eaten raw^[11][10]. This report should be treated with some caution due to possible toxicity^[12].

The leaves are rich in tannin, containing about 10 - 25%^[13]. They can be collected as they fall in the autumn and used as a brown dye or as a mordant^[14]. The twigs and root are also rich in tannin^[8]. A black dye is obtained from the fruit^[15]. An orange or yellow dye is obtained from the root^[3][16]. An oil is extracted from the seeds^[15]. It attains a tallow-like consistency on standing and is used to make candles. These burn brilliantly, though they emit a pungent smoke^[15]. The plant has an extensive root system and is fairly wind tolerant, though branches can be broken off in very strong winds. It is planted for soil stabilization and as a shelter screen^[17].

Smooth sumach was employed medicinally by various native North American Indian tribes who used it to treat a variety of complaints^[18]. It is occasionally used in modern herbalism where it is valued for its astringent and antiseptic qualities. Some caution should be employed in the use of this species since it can possibly cause skin irritations. It is best only used under the supervision of a qualified practitioner. A tea made from the bark or root bark is alterative, antiseptic, astringent, galactogogue, haemostatic, rubefacient and tonic^{[15][19][20][18]}. It is used in the treatment of diarrhoea, fevers, general debility, sore mouths, rectal bleeding, uterine prolapse etc^[19][21]. It is used as a gargle to treat sore throats and applied externally to treat excessive vaginal discharge, burns and skin eruptions^[21][18]. The powdered bark can be applied as a poultice to old ulcers, it is a good antiseptic^[15]. A tea made from the roots is appetizer, astringent, diuretic and emetic^[19][18]. An infusion is used in the treatment of colds, sore throats, painful urination, retention of urine and dysentery^[18]. The root is harvested in the autumn and dried for later use^[21]. An infusion of the green or dried branches has been used in the treatment of TB^[18]. A decoction of the branches, with the seed heads, has been used to treat itchy scalps and as a bathing water for frost-bitten limbs^[18]. The milky latex from the plant has been used as a salve on sores^[18]. A tea made from the leaves was used in the treatment of asthma, diarrhoea and stomatosis^[19]. A poultice of the leaves has been used to treat skin rashes^[18]. The leaves have been chewed to treat sore gums and they have been rubbed on the lips to treat sore lips^[18]. The berries are diuretic, emetic, emmenagogue, purgative and refrigerant^[15][18]. They are used in the treatment of late-onset diabetes, stranguary bowel complaints, febrile diseases, dysmenorrhoea etc^[15][21][18]. They have been chewed as a remedy for bed-wetting^[19][18].