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Fremontodendron californicum
  • Flannel Flower

a perennial woody evergreen member of the Fremontodendron genus in the family Sterculiaceae.

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Niche
  • Unknown
    Unknown
    The ecosystem niches for this plant are unknown. Do you know them? Click the edit button to add them!
Functions
  • None
    None
    There are no functions defined for this plant. Do you know of some? Click the edit button to add them!
Light
  • Full sun
    Full sun
    The amount of sun exposure that a plant prefers in ideal conditions.
    Key
  • light shade
    Light shade
    The amount of shade a plant will tolerate without adverse health affects.
    Key
Water
  • Water Requirementsmoderate
    Moderate
    The amount of water a plant needs for healthy growth, relative to other plants.
    Key
Soil
  • acid,neutral,alkaline,very alkaline
    Acid to Very alkaline
    The PH range (acidity or alkilinity) of the growth medium ideal for healthy nutrient absorbtion.
    Key
  • Sandy to Loamy
    The soil texture this plant prefers for optimal growth.
    Key
Cold & Heat
  • 8
    Zone 8
    The USDA Hardiness scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the minimum temperature a plant can survive.
    Key
    0< -53.9ºC< -65ºF
    1-51.1ºC-60ºF
    2-45.6ºC-50F
    3-40ºC-40ºF
    4-34.4ºC-30ºF
    5-28.9ºC-20ºF
    6-23.3ºC-10ºF
    7-17.8ºC0ºF
    8-12.2C10ºF
    9-6.7ºC20ºF
    10-1.1ºC30ºF
    114.4ºC40ºF
    12> 10ºC> 5ºF
  • ?
    Unknown
    The AHS Heat scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the number of days per year a plant requires a temperature exceeding 30ºC (86ºF).
    Key
    11
    21 - 7
    38 - 14
    415 - 30
    531 - 45
    646 - 60
    761 - 90
    891 - 120
    9121 - 150
    10151 - 180
    11181 - 210
    12181 - 210
Fremontodendron californicum has 0 material uses listed
Fremontodendron californicum has 0 medicinal uses listed

Uses

Toxic parts

The stem is clothed with brown hairs which rub off easily and can be a severe irritant[1]. When pruning it is best to wear a mask[1]. The eyes can be badly affected[2].

Edible uses

There are no edible uses listed for Fremontodendron californicum.

Material uses

The bark can be made into cordage then used in making nets etc[3]. Wood - fine-grained, hard to soft, heavy[4][5]. It is not used commercially due to the small size of the tree[5].

Unknown part

Fibre
Wood

Medicinal uses(Warning!)

The inner bark is used as a poultice[6][7].

One report says that the bark has similar properties to Ulmus rubra (Slippery Elm Bark)[6]. These properties are as follows:-

Slippery elm bark is a widely used herbal remedy and is considered to be one of the most valuable of remedies in herbal practice[6]. In particular, it is a gentle and effective remedy for irritated states of the mucous membranes of the chest, urinary tubules, stomach and intestines[8]. The inner bark contains large quantities of a sticky slime that can be dried to a powder or made into a liquid[5]. The inner bark is harvested in the spring from the main trunk and from larger branches, it is then dried and powdered for use as required[6]. Ten year old bark is said to be best[6]. Fine grades of the powder are best for internal use, coarse grades are better suited to poultices[9]. The plant is also part of a North American formula called essiac which is a popular treatment for cancer. Its effectiveness has never been reliably proven or disproven since controlled studies have not been carried out. The other herbs included in the formula are Arctium lappa, Rumex acetosella and Rheum palmatum[8]. The inner bark is demulcent, diuretic, emollient, expectorant, nutritive[6][10][11][12]. It has a soothing and healing effect on all parts of the body that it comes into contact with[6] and is used in the treatment of sore throats, indigestion, digestive irritation, stomach ulcers etc[13]. It used to be frequently used as a food that was a nutritive tonic for the old, young and convalescents[13]. It was also applied externally to fresh wounds, burns and scalds[13]. The bark has been used as an antioxidant to prevent fats going rancid[13].

The whole bark, including the outer bark, has been used as a mechanical irritant to abort foetuses[9]. Its use became so widespread that it is now banned in several countries[9].

Unknown part

Poultice

Ecology

Ecosystem niche/layer

Ecological Functions

Nothing listed.

Forage

Nothing listed.

Shelter

Nothing listed.

Propagation

Seed - pre-soak for 48 hours in warm water and then sow singly in pots in a cold frame in late winter. Variable germination[14]. Grow the young plants on in the greenhouse for at least their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts.

Cuttings of half-ripe wood, July/August in sandy soil in a frame[15].

Cuttings of greenwood in spring in a frame[15].

Practical Plants is currently lacking information on propagation instructions of Fremontodendron californicum. Help us fill in the blanks! Edit this page to add your knowledge.



Cultivation

Requires a light well-drained poorish soil[16] in full sun in a position sheltered from cold drying winds[15]. Tolerates light shade[2]. Prefers a hot dry situation according to one report[1] whilst another says that it does best against a north, west or east wall, a southern exposure usually being too hot and dry[17]. Tolerates very chalky soils[15][2]. Plants produce lush growth when growing in rich soils at the expense of flowering[15].

This species is not hardy in the open at Kew, though it succeeds in the open in milder areas of the country[16][17]. Plants tolerate temperatures down to about -15°c, especially once they are more than 1.5 metres tall[2]. Plants are relatively fast growing[2]. Resents root disturbance and should be planted into its final position when quite young[18][16]. Plants do not seem to be long lived in cultivation[17], about 20 years being considered old age[19]. They are subject to sudden collapse and death, even if they have been growing and flowering well[16]. This is probably the result of excessive wet or of the plant failing to fully ripen its wood. The stems die back if the bark is cracked by frost or abrasion[18]. Plants can be pruned in mid to late summer, this will generate new growth and more flowers[2].

This species is notably resistant to honey fungus[15].

Crops

Problems, pests & diseases

Associations & Interactions

There are no interactions listed for Fremontodendron californicum. Do you know of an interaction that should be listed here? edit this page to add it.

Polycultures & Guilds

There are no polycultures listed which include Fremontodendron californicum.

Descendants

Cultivars

Varieties

None listed.

Subspecies

None listed.

Full Data

This table shows all the data stored for this plant.

Taxonomy
Binomial name
Fremontodendron californicum
Genus
Fremontodendron
Family
Sterculiaceae
Imported References
Edible uses
Medicinal uses
[6][7][8][5][9][10][11][12][13]
Material uses & Functions
[3][4][5]
Botanic
[16][20][15]
Propagation
Cultivation
Environment
Cultivation
Uses
Edible uses
None listed.
Material uses
None listed.
Medicinal uses
None listed.
Functions & Nature
Functions
Provides forage for
Provides shelter for
Environment
Hardiness Zone
8
Heat Zone
?
Water
moderate
Sun
full sun
Shade
light shade
Soil PH
acid, neutral, alkaline, very alkaline
Soil Texture
sandy, loamy
Soil Water Retention
well drained
Environmental Tolerances
  • Drought
Ecosystems
Native Climate Zones
None listed.
Adapted Climate Zones
None listed.
Native Geographical Range
None listed.
Native Environment
None listed.
Ecosystem Niche
None listed.
Root Zone Tendancy
None listed.
Life
Deciduous or Evergreen
evergreen
Herbaceous or Woody
woody
Life Cycle
perennial
Growth Rate
moderate
Mature Size
6 x 4 meters
Fertility
?
Pollinators
?
Flower Colour
?
Flower Type
hermaphrodite

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"image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.


"image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki."image:Fremontodendron californicum1.jpg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.






References

  1. ? 1.01.11.2 Taylor. J. The Milder Garden. Dent (1990-00-00)
  2. ? 2.02.12.22.32.42.5 Davis. B. Climbers and Wall Shrubs. Viking. ISBN 0-670-82929-3 (1990-00-00)
  3. ? 3.03.1 Moerman. D. Native American Ethnobotany Timber Press. Oregon. ISBN 0-88192-453-9 (1998-00-00)
  4. ? 4.04.1 Sargent. C. S. Manual of the Trees of N. America. Dover Publications Inc. New York. ISBN 0-486-20278-X (1965-00-00)
  5. ? 5.05.15.25.35.4 Elias. T. The Complete Trees of N. America. Field Guide and Natural History. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. ISBN 0442238622 (1980-00-00)
  6. ? 6.06.16.26.36.46.56.66.7 Grieve. A Modern Herbal. Penguin ISBN 0-14-046-440-9 (1984-00-00)
  7. ? 7.07.1 Usher. G. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. Constable ISBN 0094579202 (1974-00-00)
  8. ? 8.08.18.2 Chevallier. A. The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants Dorling Kindersley. London ISBN 9-780751-303148 (1996-00-00)
  9. ? 9.09.19.29.3 Bown. D. Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 0-7513-020-31 (1995-00-00)
  10. ? 10.010.1 Lust. J. The Herb Book. Bantam books ISBN 0-553-23827-2 (1983-00-00)
  11. ? 11.011.1 Mills. S. Y. The Dictionary of Modern Herbalism. ()
  12. ? 12.012.1 Weiner. M. A. Earth Medicine, Earth Food. Ballantine Books ISBN 0-449-90589-6 (1980-00-00)
  13. ? 13.013.113.213.313.4 Foster. S. & Duke. J. A. A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants. Eastern and Central N. America. Houghton Mifflin Co. ISBN 0395467225 (1990-00-00)
  14. ? Sheat. W. G. Propagation of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers. MacMillan and Co (1948-00-00)
  15. ? 15.015.115.215.315.415.515.6 Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press ISBN 0-333-47494-5 (1992-00-00)
  16. ? 16.016.116.216.316.4 Bean. W. Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Vol 1 - 4 and Supplement. Murray (1981-00-00)
  17. ? 17.017.117.2 Thomas. G. S. Ornamental Shrubs, Climbers and Bamboos. Murray ISBN 0-7195-5043-2 (1992-00-00)
  18. ? 18.018.1 F. Chittendon. RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 Oxford University Press (1951-00-00)
  19. ? Grey-Wilson. C. & Matthews. V. Gardening on Walls Collins ISBN 0-00-219220-0 (1983-00-00)
  20. ? Munz. A California Flora. University of California Press (1959-00-00)

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Retrieved from "https://practicalplants.org/w/index.php?title=Fremontodendron_californicum&oldid=77377"
Facts about "Fremontodendron californicum"RDF feed
Article is incompleteYes +
Article requires citationsNo +
Article requires cleanupYes +
Belongs to familySterculiaceae +
Belongs to genusFremontodendron +
Has binomial nameFremontodendron californicum +
Has common nameFlannel Flower +
Has drought toleranceTolerant +
Has environmental toleranceDrought +
Has flowers of typeHermaphrodite +
Has growth rateModerate +
Has hardiness zone8 +
Has imageFremontodendron californicum1.jpg +
Has lifecycle typePerennial +
Has material partUnknown part +
Has material useFibre + and Wood +
Has mature height6 +
Has mature width4 +
Has medicinal partUnknown part +
Has medicinal usePoultice +
Has primary imageFremontodendron californicum1.jpg +
Has search namefremontodendron californicum + and flannel flower +
Has shade toleranceLight shade +
Has soil ph preferenceAcid +, Neutral +, Alkaline + and Very alkaline +
Has soil texture preferenceSandy + and Loamy +
Has soil water retention preferenceWell drained +
Has sun preferenceFull sun +
Has taxonomic rankSpecies +
Has taxonomy nameFremontodendron californicum +
Has water requirementsmoderate +
Is deciduous or evergreenEvergreen +
Is herbaceous or woodyWoody +
Is taxonomy typeSpecies +
PFAF cultivation notes migratedNo +
PFAF edible use notes migratedYes +
PFAF material use notes migratedNo +
PFAF medicinal use notes migratedNo +
PFAF propagation notes migratedNo +
PFAF toxicity notes migratedNo +
Tolerates nutritionally poor soilNo +
Uses mature size measurement unitMeters +
Has subobjectThis property is a special property in this wiki.Fremontodendron californicum +, Fremontodendron californicum + and Fremontodendron californicum +