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Artemisia annua
  • Qing Hao

an annual member of the Artemisia genus in the family Compositae.

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Niche
  • Unknown
    Unknown
    The ecosystem niches for this plant are unknown. Do you know them? Click the edit button to add them!
Functions
  • None
    None
    There are no functions defined for this plant. Do you know of some? Click the edit button to add them!
Light
  • Full sun
    Full sun
    The amount of sun exposure that a plant prefers in ideal conditions.
    Key
  • light shade
    Light shade
    The amount of shade a plant will tolerate without adverse health affects.
    Key
Water
  • Water Requirementsmoderate
    Moderate
    The amount of water a plant needs for healthy growth, relative to other plants.
    Key
Soil
  • acid,neutral,alkaline
    Acid to Alkaline
    The PH range (acidity or alkilinity) of the growth medium ideal for healthy nutrient absorbtion.
    Key
  • Sandy to Loamy
    The soil texture this plant prefers for optimal growth.
    Key
Cold & Heat
  • 7
    Zone 7
    The USDA Hardiness scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the minimum temperature a plant can survive.
    Key
    0< -53.9ºC< -65ºF
    1-51.1ºC-60ºF
    2-45.6ºC-50F
    3-40ºC-40ºF
    4-34.4ºC-30ºF
    5-28.9ºC-20ºF
    6-23.3ºC-10ºF
    7-17.8ºC0ºF
    8-12.2C10ºF
    9-6.7ºC20ºF
    10-1.1ºC30ºF
    114.4ºC40ºF
    12> 10ºC> 5ºF
  • ?
    Unknown
    The AHS Heat scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the number of days per year a plant requires a temperature exceeding 30ºC (86ºF).
    Key
    11
    21 - 7
    38 - 14
    415 - 30
    531 - 45
    646 - 60
    761 - 90
    891 - 120
    9121 - 150
    10151 - 180
    11181 - 210
    12181 - 210
Artemisia annua has 0 edible uses listed
Artemisia annua has 0 material uses listed
Artemisia annua has 0 medicinal uses listed

Uses

Toxic parts

Skin contact with the plant can cause dermatitis or other allergic reactions in some people[1]. The pollen is extremely allergenic[2].

Edible uses

Notes

An essential oil in the leaves is used as a flavouring in spirits such as vermouth[2].

Unknown part

Condiment

Material uses

The plant is used in China as a medium for growing Aspergillus which is used in brewing wine.

The substances mentioned above in the medicinal uses, used in the treatment of malaria, also show marked herbicidal activity[1].

The plant yields 0.3% essential oil[3]. This has an agreeable, refreshing and slightly balsamic odour and has been used in perfumery[3].

Unknown part

Essential
Herbicide

Medicinal uses(Warning!)

Qing Ho, better known in the West as sweet wormwood, is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. An aromatic anti-bacterial plant, recent research has shown that it destroys malarial parasites, lowers fevers and checks bleeding[4][5][6]. It is often used in the Tropics as an affordable and effective anti-malarial[5].

The leaves are antiperiodic, antiseptic, digestive, febrifuge[7][8]. An infusion of the leaves is used internally to treat fevers, colds, diarrhoea etc[1][5]. Externally, the leaves are poulticed onto nose bleeds, boils and abscesses[1][4]. The leaves are harvested in the summer, before the plant comes into flower, and are dried for later use[5]. The plant contains artemisinin, this substance has proved to be a dramatically effective anti-malarial against multi-drug resistant Plasmodium spp[9][4][5][2]. Clinical trials have shown it to be 90% effective and more successful than standard drugs[5]. In a trial of 2000 patients, all were cured of the disease[9].

The seeds are used in the treatment of flatulence, indigestion and night sweats[1].

Unknown part

Antibacterial
Antiperiodic
Antiseptic
Carminative
Digestive
Febrifuge

Ecology

Ecosystem niche/layer

Ecological Functions

Nothing listed.

Forage

Nothing listed.

Shelter

Nothing listed.

Propagation

Seed - sow spring in a cold frame and plant out in late spring or early summer. Alternatively, the seed can be sown late spring in situ.

Practical Plants is currently lacking information on propagation instructions of Artemisia annua. Help us fill in the blanks! Edit this page to add your knowledge.



Cultivation

An easily grown plant, succeeding in a well-drained circumneutral or slightly alkaline loamy soil, preferring a sunny position[10][11]. Plants are longer lived, more hardy and more aromatic when they are grown in a poor dry soil[12].

A fast-growing annual plant, it is tall but neat in habit with a handsome fragrant foliage and is useful for filling gaps at the back of a border[4]. It has become a weed of waste places in many areas of the world[13]. The plant is extremely vigorous and essentially disease and pest free[2]. Qing Hao is a determinate short-day plant. Non-juvenile plants are very responsive to photoperiodic stimulus and flower about two weeks after induction. The critical photoperiod seems to be about 13.5 hours, but there are likely to be photoperiod x temperature interactions. In Lafayette Indiana, USA (40°21'N) plants flower in early September with mature seeds produced in October. The plant is not adapted to the tropics because flowering will be induced when the plants are very small[2]. Most collections of artemisia derive from natural stands with highly variable artemisinin content, some as low of 0.01%. Selections from Chinese origin vary from 0.05 to 0.21%. Swiss researcher N. Delabays reports a clonal selection derived from Chinese material which produces 1.1% artemisin but is very late flowering; proprietary hybrids have been obtained with somewhat lower content but flower earlier[2].

Members of this genus are rarely if ever troubled by browsing deer[14].

Crops

Problems, pests & diseases

Associations & Interactions

There are no interactions listed for Artemisia annua. Do you know of an interaction that should be listed here? edit this page to add it.

Polycultures & Guilds

There are no polycultures listed which include Artemisia annua.

Descendants

Cultivars

Varieties

None listed.

Subspecies

None listed.

Full Data

This table shows all the data stored for this plant.

Taxonomy
Binomial name
Artemisia annua
Genus
Artemisia
Family
Compositae
Imported References
Edible uses
[2]
Medicinal uses
[4][5][6][7][8][1][9][2]
Material uses & Functions
[1][3]
Botanic
[11][15]
Propagation
Cultivation
Environment
Cultivation
Uses
Edible uses
None listed.
Material uses
None listed.
Medicinal uses
None listed.
Functions & Nature
Functions
Provides forage for
Provides shelter for
Environment
Hardiness Zone
7
Heat Zone
?
Water
moderate
Sun
full sun
Shade
light shade
Soil PH
acid, neutral, alkaline
Soil Texture
sandy, loamy
Soil Water Retention
well drained
Environmental Tolerances
    Ecosystems
    Native Climate Zones
    None listed.
    Adapted Climate Zones
    None listed.
    Native Geographical Range
    None listed.
    Native Environment
    None listed.
    Ecosystem Niche
    None listed.
    Root Zone Tendancy
    None listed.
    Life
    Deciduous or Evergreen
    ?
    Herbaceous or Woody
    ?
    Life Cycle
    annual
    Growth Rate
    vigorous
    Mature Size
    3 x 1 meters
    Fertility
    ?
    Pollinators
    Insects
    Flower Colour
    ?
    Flower Type
    hermaphrodite

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    "image:Artemisia annua detail.jpeg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Artemisia annua detail.jpeg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.


    "image:Artemisia annua detail.jpeg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

    "image:Artemisia annua detail.jpeg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

    "image:Artemisia annua detail.jpeg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Artemisia annua detail.jpeg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Artemisia annua detail.jpeg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Artemisia annua detail.jpeg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Artemisia annua detail.jpeg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Artemisia annua detail.jpeg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Artemisia annua detail.jpeg|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.






    References

    1. ? 1.01.11.21.31.41.51.6 Foster. S. & Duke. J. A. A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants. Eastern and Central N. America. Houghton Mifflin Co. ISBN 0395467225 (1990-00-00)
    2. ? 2.02.12.22.32.42.52.62.7 Duke. J. Handbook of Energy Crops - (1983-00-00)
    3. ? 3.03.13.2 Chopra. R. N., Nayar. S. L. and Chopra. I. C. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants (Including the Supplement). Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi. (1986-00-00)
    4. ? 4.04.14.24.34.4 Bown. D. Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 0-7513-020-31 (1995-00-00)
    5. ? 5.05.15.25.35.45.55.6 Chevallier. A. The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants Dorling Kindersley. London ISBN 9-780751-303148 (1996-00-00)
    6. ? 6.06.1 Medicinal Plants in the Republic of Korea World Health Organisation, Manila ISBN 92 9061 120 0 (1998-00-00)
    7. ? 7.07.1 Yeung. Him-Che. Handbook of Chinese Herbs and Formulas. Institute of Chinese Medicine, Los Angeles (1985-00-00)
    8. ? 8.08.1 Stuart. Rev. G. A. Chinese Materia Medica. Taipei. Southern Materials Centre ()
    9. ? 9.09.19.2 Duke. J. A. and Ayensu. E. S. Medicinal Plants of China Reference Publications, Inc. ISBN 0-917256-20-4 (1985-00-00)
    10. ? F. Chittendon. RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 Oxford University Press (1951-00-00)
    11. ? 11.011.1 Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press ISBN 0-333-47494-5 (1992-00-00)
    12. ? Genders. R. Scented Flora of the World. Robert Hale. London. ISBN 0-7090-5440-8 (1994-00-00)
    13. ? Fernald. M. L. Gray's Manual of Botany. American Book Co. (1950-00-00)
    14. ? Thomas. G. S. Perennial Garden Plants J. M. Dent & Sons, London. ISBN 0 460 86048 8 (1990-00-00)
    15. ? Britton. N. L. Brown. A. An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States and Canada Dover Publications. New York. ISBN 0-486-22642-5 (1970-00-00)

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    Facts about "Artemisia annua"RDF feed
    Article is incompleteYes +
    Article requires citationsNo +
    Article requires cleanupYes +
    Belongs to familyCompositae +
    Belongs to genusArtemisia +
    Has binomial nameArtemisia annua +
    Has common nameQing Hao +
    Has drought toleranceIntolerant +
    Has edible partUnknown part +
    Has edible useCondiment +
    Has fertility typeInsects +
    Has flowers of typeHermaphrodite +
    Has growth rateVigorous +
    Has hardiness zone7 +
    Has imageArtemisia annua detail.jpeg +
    Has lifecycle typeAnnual +
    Has material partUnknown part +
    Has material useEssential + and Herbicide +
    Has mature height3 +
    Has mature width1 +
    Has medicinal partUnknown part +
    Has medicinal useAntibacterial +, Antiperiodic +, Antiseptic +, Carminative +, Digestive + and Febrifuge +
    Has primary imageArtemisia annua detail.jpeg +
    Has search nameartemisia annua + and qing hao +
    Has shade toleranceLight shade +
    Has soil ph preferenceAcid +, Neutral + and Alkaline +
    Has soil texture preferenceSandy + and Loamy +
    Has soil water retention preferenceWell drained +
    Has sun preferenceFull sun +
    Has taxonomic rankSpecies +
    Has taxonomy nameArtemisia annua +
    Has water requirementsmoderate +
    Is taxonomy typeSpecies +
    PFAF cultivation notes migratedNo +
    PFAF edible use notes migratedNo +
    PFAF material use notes migratedNo +
    PFAF medicinal use notes migratedNo +
    PFAF propagation notes migratedNo +
    PFAF toxicity notes migratedNo +
    Tolerates nutritionally poor soilNo +
    Uses mature size measurement unitMeters +
    Has subobjectThis property is a special property in this wiki.Artemisia annua +, Artemisia annua +, Artemisia annua +, Artemisia annua +, Artemisia annua +, Artemisia annua +, Artemisia annua +, Artemisia annua + and Artemisia annua +