This is an archived copy of this article, recovered after a server failure in January 2022.

Some links may be broken, and editing is disabled. We are working to bring back full functionality.

Arctostaphylos manzanita
  • Manzanita

a perennial woody evergreen member of the Arctostaphylos genus in the family Ericaceae.

Niche
  • Unknown
    Unknown
    The ecosystem niches for this plant are unknown. Do you know them? Click the edit button to add them!
Functions
  • None
    None
    There are no functions defined for this plant. Do you know of some? Click the edit button to add them!
Light
  • Full sun
    Full sun
    The amount of sun exposure that a plant prefers in ideal conditions.
    Key
  • light shade
    Light shade
    The amount of shade a plant will tolerate without adverse health affects.
    Key
Water
  • Water Requirementsmoderate
    Moderate
    The amount of water a plant needs for healthy growth, relative to other plants.
    Key
Soil
  • very acid,acid
    Very acid to Acid
    The PH range (acidity or alkilinity) of the growth medium ideal for healthy nutrient absorbtion.
    Key
  • Sandy to Loamy
    The soil texture this plant prefers for optimal growth.
    Key
Cold & Heat
  • 8
    Zone 8
    The USDA Hardiness scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the minimum temperature a plant can survive.
    Key
    0< -53.9ºC< -65ºF
    1-51.1ºC-60ºF
    2-45.6ºC-50F
    3-40ºC-40ºF
    4-34.4ºC-30ºF
    5-28.9ºC-20ºF
    6-23.3ºC-10ºF
    7-17.8ºC0ºF
    8-12.2C10ºF
    9-6.7ºC20ºF
    10-1.1ºC30ºF
    114.4ºC40ºF
    12> 10ºC> 5ºF
  • ?
    Unknown
    The AHS Heat scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the number of days per year a plant requires a temperature exceeding 30ºC (86ºF).
    Key
    11
    21 - 7
    38 - 14
    415 - 30
    531 - 45
    646 - 60
    761 - 90
    891 - 120
    9121 - 150
    10151 - 180
    11181 - 210
    12181 - 210
Arctostaphylos manzanita has 0 edible uses listed
Arctostaphylos manzanita has 0 material uses listed
Arctostaphylos manzanita has 0 medicinal uses listed

Uses

Edible uses

Notes

Fruit - raw or cooked[1][2][3]. An agreeable acid flavour but the fruit is dry and mealy[4]. Hard to digest, the fruit should be eaten in moderation[4]. It can be dried and ground into a powder[5][6] and then used as a flavouring in soups, bread etc[7][8]. A cooling drink can be made from the fruit[6]. The berries can be crushed to make a sweet, unfermented cider[8].

Fruit

Unknown use

Material uses

A yellowish-brown dye is obtained from the leaves, it does not require a mordant[9].

The leaves can be boiled and the yellowish-red extract used as a cleansing body wash[8].

The wood makes an exceedingly fine fuel[8].

Unknown part

Dye
Fuel
Soap

Medicinal uses(Warning!)

A poultice of the chewed leaves is applied to sores and headaches[8]. The leaves are chewed as a treatment for stomach ache and cramps[8]. An infusion of the leaves is used to treat severe colds and diarrhoea[8]. A cider made from the fruit is used in the treatment of stomach complaints and as an appetizer to create appetite[8].

Unknown part

Appetizer
Astringent
Poultice
Stomachic

Ecology

Ecosystem niche/layer

Ecological Functions

Nothing listed.

Forage

Nothing listed.

Shelter

Nothing listed.

Propagation

Seed - best sown in a greenhouse as soon as it is ripe. Pre-soak dried seed in boiling water for 10 - 20 seconds or burn some straw on top of them and then stratify at 2 - 5°c for 2 months[10][11]. Another report says that the seed requires 60 days warm followed by 60 days cold stratification[12]. The seed usually germinates in 2 - 3 months at 15°c[13]. When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in a cold frame or greenhouse for at least their first winter. Plant out in late spring or early summer.

Cuttings of side shoots of the current season's growth, 5 - 8cm with a heel, August to December in a frame. Takes one year[14][15]. Division in early spring. Take care because the plant resents root disturbance. Pot the divisions up and keep them in a lightly shaded position in a cold frame or greenhouse until they are growing away actively.

Layering in spring[11].

Practical Plants is currently lacking information on propagation instructions of Arctostaphylos manzanita. Help us fill in the blanks! Edit this page to add your knowledge.



Cultivation

Requires a deep moist well-drained light or medium lime-free loam in sun or semi-shade but plants produce less fruit when they are grown in the shade[11]. Prefers a warm sunny position[1][16]. Tolerates maritime exposure[17][16][18].

Plants are not hardy in the colder parts of Britain, they tolerate temperatures down to between -5 and -10°c[11]. Pollination is often poor in Britain[1]. Another report says that the plant does not fruit in this country[10]. This species is called A. pungens manzanita by some botanists[10]. A specimen seen at Cambridge B.G. was 2.5m tall in 1989[K].

Plants resent root disturbance and should be placed in their final positions as soon as possible[10][13].

Crops

Problems, pests & diseases

Associations & Interactions

There are no interactions listed for Arctostaphylos manzanita. Do you know of an interaction that should be listed here? edit this page to add it.

Polycultures & Guilds

There are no polycultures listed which include Arctostaphylos manzanita.

Descendants

Cultivars

Varieties

None listed.

Subspecies

None listed.

Full Data

This table shows all the data stored for this plant.

Taxonomy
Binomial name
Arctostaphylos manzanita
Genus
Arctostaphylos
Family
Ericaceae
Imported References
Edible uses
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
Medicinal uses
[8]
Material uses & Functions
[9][8]
Botanic
[10][19][11]
Propagation
Cultivation
Environment
Cultivation
Uses
Edible uses
None listed.
Material uses
None listed.
Medicinal uses
None listed.
Functions & Nature
Functions
Provides forage for
Provides shelter for
Environment
Hardiness Zone
8
Heat Zone
?
Water
moderate
Sun
full sun
Shade
light shade
Soil PH
very acid, acid
Soil Texture
sandy, loamy
Soil Water Retention
well drained
Environmental Tolerances
  • Strong wind
  • Maritime exposure
Ecosystems
Native Climate Zones
None listed.
Adapted Climate Zones
None listed.
Native Geographical Range
None listed.
Native Environment
None listed.
Ecosystem Niche
None listed.
Root Zone Tendancy
None listed.
Life
Deciduous or Evergreen
evergreen
Herbaceous or Woody
woody
Life Cycle
perennial
Growth Rate
?
Mature Size
2 x 2 meters
Fertility
self fertile
Pollinators
Bees, Self
Flower Colour
?
Flower Type
hermaphrodite











References

  1. ? 1.01.11.21.3 Simmons. A. E. Growing Unusual Fruit. David and Charles ISBN 0-7153-5531-7 (1972-00-00)
  2. ? 2.02.1 Uphof. J. C. Th. Dictionary of Economic Plants. Weinheim (1959-00-00)
  3. ? 3.03.1 Usher. G. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. Constable ISBN 0094579202 (1974-00-00)
  4. ? 4.04.14.2 Saunders. C. F. Edible and Useful Wild Plants of the United States and Canada. Dover Publications ISBN 0-486-23310-3 (1976-00-00)
  5. ? 5.05.1 Tanaka. T. Tanaka's Cyclopaedia of Edible Plants of the World. Keigaku Publishing (1976-00-00)
  6. ? 6.06.16.2 Yanovsky. E. Food Plants of the N. American Indians. Publication no. 237. U.S. Depf of Agriculture. ()
  7. ? 7.07.1 Weiner. M. A. Earth Medicine, Earth Food. Ballantine Books ISBN 0-449-90589-6 (1980-00-00)
  8. ? 8.008.018.028.038.048.058.068.078.088.098.10 Moerman. D. Native American Ethnobotany Timber Press. Oregon. ISBN 0-88192-453-9 (1998-00-00)
  9. ? 9.09.1 Grae. I. Nature's Colors - Dyes from Plants. MacMillan Publishing Co. New York. ISBN 0-02-544950-8 (1974-00-00)
  10. ? 10.010.110.210.310.4 Bean. W. Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Vol 1 - 4 and Supplement. Murray (1981-00-00)
  11. ? 11.011.111.211.311.4 Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press ISBN 0-333-47494-5 (1992-00-00)
  12. ? Natural Food Institute, Wonder Crops. 1987. ()
  13. ? 13.013.1 Rice. G. (Editor) Growing from Seed. Volume 2. Thompson and Morgan. (1988-00-00)
  14. ? F. Chittendon. RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 Oxford University Press (1951-00-00)
  15. ? Sheat. W. G. Propagation of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers. MacMillan and Co (1948-00-00)
  16. ? 16.016.1 Taylor. J. The Milder Garden. Dent (1990-00-00)
  17. ? Arnold-Forster. Shrubs for the Milder Counties. ()
  18. ? Thomas. G. S. Ornamental Shrubs, Climbers and Bamboos. Murray ISBN 0-7195-5043-2 (1992-00-00)
  19. ? Munz. A California Flora. University of California Press (1959-00-00)


Retrieved from "http://practicalplants.org/w/index.php?title=Arctostaphylos_manzanita&oldid=75178"
Facts about "Arctostaphylos manzanita"RDF feed
Article is incompleteYes +
Article requires citationsNo +
Article requires cleanupYes +
Belongs to familyEricaceae +
Belongs to genusArctostaphylos +
Has binomial nameArctostaphylos manzanita +
Has common nameManzanita +
Has drought toleranceIntolerant +
Has edible partFruit +
Has edible useUnknown use +
Has environmental toleranceMaritime exposure + and High wind +
Has fertility typeSelf fertile +, Bees + and Self +
Has flowers of typeHermaphrodite +
Has hardiness zone8 +
Has lifecycle typePerennial +
Has material partUnknown part +
Has material useDye +, Fuel + and Soap +
Has mature height2 +
Has mature width2 +
Has medicinal partUnknown part +
Has medicinal useAppetizer +, Astringent +, Poultice + and Stomachic +
Has search namearctostaphylos manzanita + and manzanita +
Has shade toleranceLight shade +
Has soil ph preferenceVery acid + and Acid +
Has soil texture preferenceSandy + and Loamy +
Has soil water retention preferenceWell drained +
Has sun preferenceFull sun +
Has taxonomic rankSpecies +
Has taxonomy nameArctostaphylos manzanita +
Has water requirementsmoderate +
Is deciduous or evergreenEvergreen +
Is herbaceous or woodyWoody +
Is taxonomy typeSpecies +
PFAF cultivation notes migratedNo +
PFAF edible use notes migratedNo +
PFAF material use notes migratedNo +
PFAF medicinal use notes migratedNo +
PFAF propagation notes migratedNo +
PFAF toxicity notes migratedYes +
Tolerates maritime exposureYes +
Tolerates nutritionally poor soilNo +
Tolerates windYes +
Uses mature size measurement unitMeters +
Has subobjectThis property is a special property in this wiki.Arctostaphylos manzanita +, Arctostaphylos manzanita +, Arctostaphylos manzanita +, Arctostaphylos manzanita +, Arctostaphylos manzanita +, Arctostaphylos manzanita +, Arctostaphylos manzanita + and Arctostaphylos manzanita +