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Eupatorium perfoliatum
  • Thoroughwort

a perennial member of the Eupatorium genus in the family Compositae.

248px
Niche
  • Unknown
    Unknown
    The ecosystem niches for this plant are unknown. Do you know them? Click the edit button to add them!
Functions
  • None
    None
    There are no functions defined for this plant. Do you know of some? Click the edit button to add them!
Light
  • Full sun
    Full sun
    The amount of sun exposure that a plant prefers in ideal conditions.
    Key
  • light shade
    Light shade
    The amount of shade a plant will tolerate without adverse health affects.
    Key
Water
  • Water Requirementsmoderate
    Moderate
    The amount of water a plant needs for healthy growth, relative to other plants.
    Key
Soil
  • acid,neutral,alkaline
    Acid to Alkaline
    The PH range (acidity or alkilinity) of the growth medium ideal for healthy nutrient absorbtion.
    Key
  • Sandy to Clay
    The soil texture this plant prefers for optimal growth.
    Key
Cold & Heat
  • ?
    Unknown
    The USDA Hardiness scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the minimum temperature a plant can survive.
    Key
    0< -53.9ºC< -65ºF
    1-51.1ºC-60ºF
    2-45.6ºC-50F
    3-40ºC-40ºF
    4-34.4ºC-30ºF
    5-28.9ºC-20ºF
    6-23.3ºC-10ºF
    7-17.8ºC0ºF
    8-12.2C10ºF
    9-6.7ºC20ºF
    10-1.1ºC30ºF
    114.4ºC40ºF
    12> 10ºC> 5ºF
  • ?
    Unknown
    The AHS Heat scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the number of days per year a plant requires a temperature exceeding 30ºC (86ºF).
    Key
    11
    21 - 7
    38 - 14
    415 - 30
    531 - 45
    646 - 60
    761 - 90
    891 - 120
    9121 - 150
    10151 - 180
    11181 - 210
    12181 - 210
Eupatorium perfoliatum has 0 medicinal uses listed

Uses

Edible uses

There are no edible uses listed for Eupatorium perfoliatum.

Material uses

There are no material uses listed for Eupatorium perfoliatum.

Medicinal uses(Warning!)

Thoroughwort is one of the most popular domestic medicines in North America[1][2] where it is used in the treatment of influenza, colds, acute bronchitis, catarrh and skin diseases[3]. It has been shown to stimulate resistance to viral and bacterial infections, and reduces fevers by encouraging sweating[4]. The plant, however, should be used with some caution since large doses are laxative and emetic and the plant might contain potentially liver-harming pyrrolizidine alkaloids[5].

The leaves and flowering stems are antispasmodic, cholagogue, diaphoretic, emetic, febrifuge, laxative, purgative, stimulant, vasodilator[1][6][7][3]. A hot infusion of the dried leaves and flowers is used as a very effective treatment to bring relief to symptoms of the common cold and other similar feverishness - it loosens phlegm and promotes its removal through coughing[2][4][8]. This herb is practically unequalled in its effectiveness against colds[8]. It is also used in the treatment of rheumatic illness, skin conditions and worms[4]. The leaves and flowering stems are harvested in the summer before the buds open, and are dried for later use[3].

A homeopathic remedy is made from the fresh plant, harvested when it first comes into flower[9]. It is used in the treatment of illnesses such as flu and fever[9].

Unknown part

Antispasmodic
Cholagogue
Diaphoretic
Emetic
Febrifuge
Homeopathy
Laxative
Purgative
Stimulant
Vasodilator

Ecology

Ecosystem niche/layer

Ecological Functions

Nothing listed.

Forage

Nothing listed.

Shelter

Nothing listed.

Propagation

Seed - sow spring in a cold frame and only just cover the seed. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle and plant them out into their permanent positions in the summer. Division in spring or autumn[10]. Very easy, the clumps can be replanted direct into their permanent positions.

Practical Plants is currently lacking information on propagation instructions of Eupatorium perfoliatum. Help us fill in the blanks! Edit this page to add your knowledge.



Cultivation

Succeeds in ordinary well-drained but moisture retentive garden soil in sun or part shade[11].

A very cold-hardy plant, tolerating temperatures down to about -25°c[12]. Plants seem to be immune to the predations of rabbits[13].

A polymorphic species[1].

Crops

Problems, pests & diseases

Associations & Interactions

There are no interactions listed for Eupatorium perfoliatum. Do you know of an interaction that should be listed here? edit this page to add it.

Polycultures & Guilds

There are no polycultures listed which include Eupatorium perfoliatum.

Descendants

Cultivars

Varieties

None listed.

Subspecies

None listed.

Full Data

This table shows all the data stored for this plant.

Taxonomy
Binomial name
Eupatorium perfoliatum
Genus
Eupatorium
Family
Compositae
Imported References
Edible uses
Medicinal uses
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
Material uses & Functions
Botanic
[14][11]
Propagation
Cultivation
Environment
Cultivation
Uses
Edible uses
None listed.
Material uses
None listed.
Medicinal uses
None listed.
Functions & Nature
Functions
Provides forage for
Provides shelter for
Environment
Hardiness Zone
?
Heat Zone
?
Water
moderate
Sun
full sun
Shade
light shade
Soil PH
acid, neutral, alkaline
Soil Texture
sandy, loamy, clay
Soil Water Retention
well drained
Environmental Tolerances
    Ecosystems
    Native Climate Zones
    None listed.
    Adapted Climate Zones
    None listed.
    Native Geographical Range
    None listed.
    Native Environment
    None listed.
    Ecosystem Niche
    None listed.
    Root Zone Tendancy
    None listed.
    Life
    Deciduous or Evergreen
    ?
    Herbaceous or Woody
    ?
    Life Cycle
    perennial
    Growth Rate
    ?
    Mature Size
    1.2 x meters
    Fertility
    self fertile
    Pollinators
    Insects
    Flower Colour
    ?
    Flower Type
    hermaphrodite

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    "image:Eupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Eupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.


    "image:Eupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.


    "image:Eupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Eupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Eupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Eupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Eupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Eupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Eupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Eupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.






    References

    1. ? 1.01.11.21.3 Grieve. A Modern Herbal. Penguin ISBN 0-14-046-440-9 (1984-00-00)
    2. ? 2.02.12.2 Weiner. M. A. Earth Medicine, Earth Food. Ballantine Books ISBN 0-449-90589-6 (1980-00-00)
    3. ? 3.03.13.23.3 Bown. D. Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 0-7513-020-31 (1995-00-00)
    4. ? 4.04.14.24.3 Chevallier. A. The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants Dorling Kindersley. London ISBN 9-780751-303148 (1996-00-00)
    5. ? 5.05.1 Foster. S. & Duke. J. A. A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants. Eastern and Central N. America. Houghton Mifflin Co. ISBN 0395467225 (1990-00-00)
    6. ? 6.06.1 Usher. G. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. Constable ISBN 0094579202 (1974-00-00)
    7. ? 7.07.1 Mills. S. Y. The Dictionary of Modern Herbalism. ()
    8. ? 8.08.18.2 Stuart. M. (Editor) The Encyclopedia of Herbs and Herbalism Orbis Publishing. London. ISBN 0-85613-067-2 (1979-00-00)
    9. ? 9.09.19.2 Castro. M. The Complete Homeopathy Handbook. Macmillan. London. ISBN 0-333-55581-3 (1990-00-00)
    10. ? Sanders. T. W. Popular Hardy Perennials. Collingridge (1926-00-00)
    11. ? 11.011.1 Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press ISBN 0-333-47494-5 (1992-00-00)
    12. ? Phillips. R. & Rix. M. Perennials Volumes 1 and 2. Pan Books ISBN 0-330-30936-9 (1991-00-00)
    13. ? Thomas. G. S. Perennial Garden Plants J. M. Dent & Sons, London. ISBN 0 460 86048 8 (1990-00-00)
    14. ? Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named PFAFimport-43

    Cite error: <ref> tag with name "PFAFimport-274" defined in <references> is not used in prior text.

    "image:Eupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

    Retrieved from "http://practicalplants.org/w/index.php?title=Eupatorium_perfoliatum&oldid=77256"
    Facts about "Eupatorium perfoliatum"RDF feed
    Article is incompleteYes +
    Article requires citationsNo +
    Article requires cleanupYes +
    Belongs to familyCompositae +
    Belongs to genusEupatorium +
    Has binomial nameEupatorium perfoliatum +
    Has common nameThoroughwort +
    Has drought toleranceIntolerant +
    Has fertility typeSelf fertile + and Insects +
    Has flowers of typeHermaphrodite +
    Has imageEupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG +
    Has lifecycle typePerennial +
    Has mature height1.2 +
    Has medicinal partUnknown part +
    Has medicinal useAntispasmodic +, Cholagogue +, Diaphoretic +, Emetic +, Febrifuge +, Homeopathy +, Laxative +, Purgative +, Stimulant + and Vasodilator +
    Has primary imageEupatorium perfoliatum 001.JPG +
    Has search nameeupatorium perfoliatum + and thoroughwort +
    Has shade toleranceLight shade +
    Has soil ph preferenceAcid +, Neutral + and Alkaline +
    Has soil texture preferenceSandy +, Loamy + and Clay +
    Has soil water retention preferenceWell drained +
    Has sun preferenceFull sun +
    Has taxonomic rankSpecies +
    Has taxonomy nameEupatorium perfoliatum +
    Has water requirementsmoderate +
    Is taxonomy typeSpecies +
    PFAF cultivation notes migratedNo +
    PFAF edible use notes migratedYes +
    PFAF material use notes migratedYes +
    PFAF medicinal use notes migratedNo +
    PFAF propagation notes migratedNo +
    PFAF toxicity notes migratedYes +
    Tolerates nutritionally poor soilNo +
    Uses mature size measurement unitMeters +
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