Uses
Toxic parts
None known
Edible uses
Notes
Seed - raw or cooked[1][2][3][4]. It is rich in oil. Large and well flavoured, it can be eaten raw, cooked in cakes, pies, breads etc or used to make a plant milk[5]. The seed ripens in mid to late autumn and will probably need to be protected from squirrels[K]. When kept in a cool place, and not shelled, the seed should store for at least 12 months[K]. An edible oil is obtained from the seed.
Seed
Material uses
The seed contains up to 65% of a non-drying oil, used in paints, cosmetics etc[6][3][7][8]. The whole seed can be used to polish and oil wood[9]. Very easy and effective[K]. Plants can be grown as a tall hedge[10]. They need to be left untrimmed or only lightly trimmed if seed is required. Wood - soft, easy to split, not very durable, beautifully veined. Used for inlay work, small items of furniture, hurdles, wattles, basketry, pea sticks etc[11][6][12][3][13][14][15][16]. The twigs are used as dowsing rods by water diviners[17]. The wood also yields a good quality charcoal, used by artists[14][18].
Medicinal uses(Warning!)
None known
There are no medicinal uses listed for Corylus maxima.Ecology
Ecosystem niche/layer
Ecological Functions
Nothing listed.
Forage
Nothing listed.
Shelter
Nothing listed.
Propagation
Seed - best sown as soon as it is harvested in autumn in a cold frame[19]. Germinates in late winter or spring. Stored seed should be pre-soaked in warm water for 48 hours and then given 2 weeks warm followed by 3 - 4 months cold stratification[19]. Germinates in 1 - 6 months at 20°c[19]. When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in a cold frame or sheltered place outdoors for their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer[K]. Layering in autumn. Easy, it takes about 6 months[20][21]. Division of suckers in early spring. Very easy, they can be planted out straight into their permanent positions.
Practical Plants is currently lacking information on propagation instructions of Corylus maxima. Help us fill in the blanks! Edit this page to add your knowledge.
Cultivation
An easily grown plant, it succeeds in most soils, but is in general more productive of seeds when grown on soils of moderate fertility[17][21]. It does less well in rich heavy soils or poor ones[17][14]. Does well in a loamy soil[17]. Very suitable for an alkaline soil[17], but it dislikes very acid soils[22]. Plants are fairly wind tolerant[23][17]. A very hardy plant but the male flowers can be damaged by heavy frosts at flowering time[21]. The filbert is often cultivated for its edible seeds[24], there are many named varieties[14]. It has often been hybridized with C. avellana in breeding programmes[17]. Plants are self-fertile but a more certain crop is obtained if more than one cultivar is grown[21]. The main difference between cob nuts and filberts is that the husk of a filbert is longer than the seed and often completely encloses it, whilst the husk on a cob nut is shorter than the seed[21]. Squirrels are a major pest of this plant, often decimating the crop of nuts[21]. Members of this genus bear transplanting well and can be easily moved even when relatively large[17].
Crops
Problems, pests & diseases
Associations & Interactions
There are no interactions listed for Corylus maxima. Do you know of an interaction that should be listed here? edit this page to add it.
Polycultures & Guilds
There are no polycultures listed which include Corylus maxima.
Descendants
Cultivars
Varieties
None listed.
Subspecies
None listed.
Full Data
This table shows all the data stored for this plant.
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References
- ? 1.01.1 Sholto-Douglas. J. Alternative Foods. ()
- ? 2.02.1 Harrison. S. Wallis. M. Masefield. G. The Oxford Book of Food Plants. Oxford University Press (1975-01-01)
- ? 3.03.13.23.33.4 Uphof. J. C. Th. Dictionary of Economic Plants. Weinheim (1959-01-01)
- ? 4.04.1 Tanaka. T. Tanaka's Cyclopaedia of Edible Plants of the World. Keigaku Publishing (1976-01-01)
- ? 5.05.1 Facciola. S. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications ISBN 0-9628087-0-9 (1990-01-01)
- ? 6.06.16.2 Triska. Dr. Hamlyn Encyclopaedia of Plants. Hamlyn ISBN 0-600-33545-3 (1975-01-01)
- ? 7.07.1 Schery. R. W. Plants for Man. ()
- ? 8.08.1 Bianchini. F., Corbetta. F. and Pistoia. M. Fruits of the Earth. ()
- ? 9.09.1 Mabey. R. Plants with a Purpose. Fontana ISBN 0-00-635555-2 (1979-01-01)
- ? 10.010.1 Shepherd. F.W. Hedges and Screens. Royal Horticultural Society. ISBN 0900629649 (1974-01-01)
- ? 11.011.1 Chiej. R. Encyclopaedia of Medicinal Plants. MacDonald ISBN 0-356-10541-5 (1984-01-01)
- ? 12.012.1 Wright. D. Complete Book of Baskets and Basketry. David and Charles ISBN 0-7153-7449-4 (1977-01-01)
- ? 13.013.1 Usher. G. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. Constable ISBN 0094579202 (1974-01-01)
- ? 14.014.114.214.314.4 Howes. F. N. Nuts. Faber (1948-01-01)
- ? 15.015.1 Freethy. R. From Agar to Zenery. The Crowood Press ISBN 0-946284-51-2 (1985-01-01)
- ? 16.016.1 ? The Plantsman. Vol. 5. 1983 - 1984. Royal Horticultural Society (1983-01-01)
- ? 17.017.117.217.317.417.517.617.717.817.9 Bean. W. Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Vol 1 - 4 and Supplement. Murray (1981-01-01)
- ? 18.018.1 Turner. N. J. and Szczawinski. A. Edible Wild Fruits and Nuts of Canada. National Museum of Natural Sciences (1978-01-01)
- ? 19.019.119.2 Bird. R. (Editor) Growing from Seed. Volume 4. Thompson and Morgan. (1990-01-01)
- ? Sheat. W. G. Propagation of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers. MacMillan and Co (1948-01-01)
- ? 21.021.121.221.321.421.521.6 Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press ISBN 0-333-47494-5 (1992-01-01)
- ? Clapham, Tootin and Warburg. Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press (1962-01-01)
- ? F. Chittendon. RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 Oxford University Press (1951-01-01)
- ? ? Flora Europaea Cambridge University Press (1964-01-01)
- ? Polunin. O. Flowers of Europe - A Field Guide. Oxford University Press ISBN 0192176218 (1969-01-01)
