Arisaema consanguineum
Tian Nan Xing
a perennial member of the Arisaema genus in the family Araceae.
Taxonomy and growth
Uses
Toxicity
Toxicity warning. The historical record reports a hazard for this plant. Do not use it to decide which parts are safe to eat or use medicinally.
This section contains historical Plants For A Future notes marked noncommercial.
The plant contains calcium oxylate crystals. These cause an extremely unpleasant sensation similar to needles being stuck into the mouth and tongue if they are eaten but they are easily neutralized by thoroughly drying or cooking the plant or by steeping it in water.
Edible uses
This section contains historical Plants For A Future notes marked noncommercial.
Leaves - boiled and used as a vegetable[11]. Some caution is advised, see the notes above on toxicity.
- Plant part
- Leaves
Medicinal uses
Historical medicinal uses. These records describe reported uses. They do not establish safety or effectiveness. Ask a qualified health professional before using any plant medicinally.
This section contains historical Plants For A Future notes marked noncommercial.
Tian Nan Xing has been used in Chinese herbal medicine for thousands of years and is valued especially for its beneficial affect upon the chest[9]. When prescribed internally it is always used dried and in conjunction with fresh ginger root[9]. The root is an acrid irritant herb that is anodyne, antibacterial, antifungal, antiphlogistic, antirheumatic, anticancer, antispasmodic, antitumor, expectorant, sedative and stomachic[3][4][6][8]. The dried root is used internally in the treatment of coughs with profuse phlegm, tumours, cervical cancer, epilepsy, tetanus and complaints involving muscular spasms[4][8]. The fresh root is applied externally as a poultice to ulcers and other skin complaints[9]. The root is harvested when the plant is dormant in the autumn or winter and is dried for later use[8]. The whole plant is anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and anodyne[6].
- Product or use
- Anodyne
- Product or use
- Antibacterial
- Product or use
- Anticoagulant
- Product or use
- Antifungal
- Product or use
- Antiinflammatory
- Product or use
- Antiphlogistic
- Product or use
- Antirheumatic
- Product or use
- Antispasmodic
- Product or use
- Antitumor
- Product or use
- Expectorant
- Product or use
- Sedative
- Product or use
- Stomachic
Environment
- Range
- E. Asia - Himalayas to S.W. China
- Habitat
- Damp shady pine and mixed forests, shrubberies and grassy slopes at elevations of 1800 - 3300 metres in the Himalayas[12][3][10].
- Light
- full sun
- Shade tolerance
- permanent shade
- Water
- moderate
- Hardiness
- Zone 7+
- Soil textures
- sandy, loamy
- Soil pH
- acid, neutral, alkaline
- Drainage
- well drained
- Tolerates Nutritionally Poor Soil
- No
- Drought
- intolerant
Propagation
This section contains historical Plants For A Future notes marked noncommercial.
Seed - best sown as soon as it is ripe in a shady position in a cold frame[2]. Stored seed remains viable for at least a year and can be sown in spring in the greenhouse but it will probably require a period of cold stratification. Germination usually takes place in 1 - 6 months at 15°c[2]. When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in light shade in the greenhouse for at least a coupe of years until the corms are more than 20mm in diameter. Plant out into their permanent positions whilst they are dormant. Division of tubers when the plant dies down in late summer.
Cultivation
This section contains historical Plants For A Future notes marked noncommercial.
Prefers a cool peaty soil in the bog, woodland garden or a sheltered border in semi-shade[5]. Prefers a loamy or peaty soil[1] and will tolerate a sunny position if the soil is moist but not water-logged and the position is not too exposed[1][5]. This species requires a warm corner in British gardens[7]. Plants are nearly hardy in Britain, they normally succeed outdoors in the milder areas of the country[1]. They tolerate temperatures down to about -10°c[13], though the young growth can be damaged by spring frosts[8]. Tubers should be planted about 10cm deep[7]. Only plant out full sized tubers and mulch them with organic matter in the winter[5]. Plants need protection from slugs[5]. Most species in this genus are dioecious, but they are sometimes monoecious and can also change sex from year to year.
References
F. Chittendon. RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 Oxford University Press 1951-00-00
Rice. G. (Editor) Growing from Seed. Volume 2. Thompson and Morgan. 1988-00-00
? A Barefoot Doctors Manual. Running Press ISBN 0-914294-92-X
Yeung. Him-Che. Handbook of Chinese Herbs and Formulas. Institute of Chinese Medicine, Los Angeles 1985-00-00
Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press 1992-00-00 ISBN 0-333-47494-5
Duke. J. A. and Ayensu. E. S. Medicinal Plants of China Reference Publications, Inc. 1985-00-00 ISBN 0-917256-20-4
Thomas. G. S. Perennial Garden Plants J. M. Dent & Sons, London. 1990-00-00 ISBN 0 460 86048 8
Bown. D. Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, London. 1995-00-00 ISBN 0-7513-020-31
Chevallier. A. The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants Dorling Kindersley. London 1996-00-00 ISBN 9-780751-303148
Flora of China 1994-00-00 http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/
Manandhar. N. P. Plants and People of Nepal Timber Press. Oregon. 2002-00-00 ISBN 0-88192-527-6
Polunin. O. and Stainton. A. Flowers of the Himalayas. Oxford Universtiy Press 1984-00-00
Phillips. R. and Rix. M. Bulbs Pan Books 1989-00-00 ISBN 0-330-30253-1