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Dianthus caryophyllus
  • Carnation

a perennial member of the Dianthus genus in the family Caryophyllaceae.

248px
Niche
  • Unknown
    Unknown
    The ecosystem niches for this plant are unknown. Do you know them? Click the edit button to add them!
Functions
  • None
    None
    There are no functions defined for this plant. Do you know of some? Click the edit button to add them!
Light
  • Full sun
    Full sun
    The amount of sun exposure that a plant prefers in ideal conditions.
    Key
  • no shade
    No shade
    The amount of shade a plant will tolerate without adverse health affects.
    Key
Water
  • Water Requirementsmoderate
    Moderate
    The amount of water a plant needs for healthy growth, relative to other plants.
    Key
Soil
  • acid,neutral,alkaline,very alkaline
    Acid to Very alkaline
    The PH range (acidity or alkilinity) of the growth medium ideal for healthy nutrient absorbtion.
    Key
  • Sandy to Clay
    The soil texture this plant prefers for optimal growth.
    Key
Cold & Heat
  • 8
    Zone 8
    The USDA Hardiness scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the minimum temperature a plant can survive.
    Key
    0< -53.9ºC< -65ºF
    1-51.1ºC-60ºF
    2-45.6ºC-50F
    3-40ºC-40ºF
    4-34.4ºC-30ºF
    5-28.9ºC-20ºF
    6-23.3ºC-10ºF
    7-17.8ºC0ºF
    8-12.2C10ºF
    9-6.7ºC20ºF
    10-1.1ºC30ºF
    114.4ºC40ºF
    12> 10ºC> 5ºF
  • ?
    Unknown
    The AHS Heat scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the number of days per year a plant requires a temperature exceeding 30ºC (86ºF).
    Key
    11
    21 - 7
    38 - 14
    415 - 30
    531 - 45
    646 - 60
    761 - 90
    891 - 120
    9121 - 150
    10151 - 180
    11181 - 210
    12181 - 210
Dianthus caryophyllus has 0 edible uses listed
Dianthus caryophyllus has 0 material uses listed
Dianthus caryophyllus has 0 medicinal uses listed

Uses

Edible uses

Notes

The flower petals have a strong smell of cloves and are candied, used as a garnish in salads, for flavouring fruit, fruit salads etc. They can also be used as a substitute for rose petals in making a syrup[1][2]. The petals should be removed from the calyx and their bitter white base should be removed[1].

Unknown part

Condiment

Flowers

Unknown use

Material uses

An essential oil is obtained from the flowers[3][4]. It is used in perfumery. 500kg of flowers produce 100g of oil[5]. The flowers are harvested when they are fully open in the morning, preferably after 3 hours exposure to sunlight[2].

The flower heads are dried and used in pot-pourri, scented sachets and cosmetic products[2][6].

The plant is quite rich in saponins. The leaves can be simmered in water and this water can then be used as a soap for cleaning the skin, clothes etc[7].

Unknown part

Essential
Soap

Medicinal uses(Warning!)

Carnation flowers are an aromatic, stimulant herb that has been used in tonic cordials in the past to treat fevers, though this use is now obsolete[2]. It is traditionally prescribed in European herbal medicine to treat coronary and nervous disorders[8]. The flowers are considered to be alexiteric, antispasmodic, cardiotonic, diaphoretic and nervine[9]. The plant has been used as a vermifuge in China[9].

Unknown part

Antispasmodic
Cardiotonic
Diaphoretic
Febrifuge
Nervine
Stimulant

Ecology

Ecosystem niche/layer

Ecological Functions

Nothing listed.

Forage

Nothing listed.

Shelter

Nothing listed.

Propagation

Seed - sow spring in slight heat in a greenhouse[10]. The seed usually germinates in 2 - 3 weeks at 15°c. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in the greenhouse for their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts.

Layering in July[10].

Cuttings of non-flowering basal shoots, June/July in a frame[11]. Harvest the shoots when they are about 10cm long with plenty of underground stem. Pot them up into individual pots and keep them in light shade in a cold frame or greenhouse until they are rooting well. Plant them out in the summer.

Practical Plants is currently lacking information on propagation instructions of Dianthus caryophyllus. Help us fill in the blanks! Edit this page to add your knowledge.



Cultivation

Succeeds in a sunny position in most good soils[12][11] tolerating a pH range from 6 to 8 but disliking acid soils[11]. A very tolerant plant, succeeding in the salt laden air and strong winds of the coast as well as in the sulphur polluted air of cities[11].

This species is not hardy in the colder areas of the country, it tolerates temperatures down to about -10°c[11]. A very ornamental plant[10], the carnation is widely cultivated in the flower garden and is grown commercially in France for its essential oil[3]. There are many named varieties[11]. The flowers of the species have a rich clove-like perfume, though almost no scent is present in the orange and yellow-flowering cultivars[13]. The flowers are very attractive to butterflies and moths[14].

Plants are prone to mildew or leaf spot in humid climates[7].

Crops

Problems, pests & diseases

Associations & Interactions

There are no interactions listed for Dianthus caryophyllus. Do you know of an interaction that should be listed here? edit this page to add it.

Polycultures & Guilds

There are no polycultures listed which include Dianthus caryophyllus.

Descendants

Cultivars

Varieties

None listed.

Subspecies

None listed.

Full Data

This table shows all the data stored for this plant.

Taxonomy
Binomial name
Dianthus caryophyllus
Genus
Dianthus
Family
Caryophyllaceae
Imported References
Edible uses
[1][2]
Medicinal uses
[2][8][9]
Material uses & Functions
[3][4][5][2][6][7]
Botanic
[11]
Propagation
Cultivation
Environment
Cultivation
Uses
Edible uses
None listed.
Material uses
None listed.
Medicinal uses
None listed.
Functions & Nature
Functions
Provides forage for
Provides shelter for
Environment
Hardiness Zone
8
Heat Zone
?
Water
moderate
Sun
full sun
Shade
no shade
Soil PH
acid, neutral, alkaline, very alkaline
Soil Texture
sandy, loamy, clay
Soil Water Retention
well drained
Environmental Tolerances
  • Salinity
  • Strong wind
  • Maritime exposure
Ecosystems
Native Climate Zones
None listed.
Adapted Climate Zones
None listed.
Native Geographical Range
None listed.
Native Environment
None listed.
Ecosystem Niche
None listed.
Root Zone Tendancy
None listed.
Life
Deciduous or Evergreen
?
Herbaceous or Woody
?
Life Cycle
perennial
Growth Rate
?
Mature Size
1 x 0.5 meters
Fertility
self fertile
Pollinators
Lepidoptera
Flower Colour
?
Flower Type
hermaphrodite

"image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.


"image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

"image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki., "image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. "image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki."image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki."image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki."image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.






References

  1. ? 1.01.11.2 Facciola. S. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications ISBN 0-9628087-0-9 (1990-00-00)
  2. ? 2.02.12.22.32.42.52.6 Bown. D. Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 0-7513-020-31 (1995-00-00)
  3. ? 3.03.13.2 Uphof. J. C. Th. Dictionary of Economic Plants. Weinheim (1959-00-00)
  4. ? 4.04.1 Hill. A. F. Economic Botany. The Maple Press (1952-00-00)
  5. ? 5.05.1 Usher. G. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. Constable ISBN 0094579202 (1974-00-00)
  6. ? 6.06.1 Stuart. M. (Editor) The Encyclopedia of Herbs and Herbalism Orbis Publishing. London. ISBN 0-85613-067-2 (1979-00-00)
  7. ? 7.07.17.2 Allardice.P. A - Z of Companion Planting. Cassell Publishers Ltd. ISBN 0-304-34324-2 (1993-00-00)
  8. ? 8.08.1 Chevallier. A. The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants Dorling Kindersley. London ISBN 9-780751-303148 (1996-00-00)
  9. ? 9.09.19.2 Chopra. R. N., Nayar. S. L. and Chopra. I. C. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants (Including the Supplement). Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi. (1986-00-00)
  10. ? 10.010.110.2 F. Chittendon. RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 Oxford University Press (1951-00-00)
  11. ? 11.011.111.211.311.411.511.6 Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. MacMillan Press ISBN 0-333-47494-5 (1992-00-00)
  12. ? Sanders. T. W. Popular Hardy Perennials. Collingridge (1926-00-00)
  13. ? Genders. R. Scented Flora of the World. Robert Hale. London. ISBN 0-7090-5440-8 (1994-00-00)
  14. ? Clapham, Tootin and Warburg. Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press (1962-00-00)

"image:Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG|248px" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.

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Facts about "Dianthus caryophyllus"RDF feed
Article is incompleteYes +
Article requires citationsNo +
Article requires cleanupYes +
Belongs to familyCaryophyllaceae +
Belongs to genusDianthus +
Has binomial nameDianthus caryophyllus +
Has common nameCarnation +
Has drought toleranceIntolerant +
Has edible partUnknown part + and Flowers +
Has edible useCondiment + and Unknown use +
Has environmental toleranceMaritime exposure +, High wind + and Salinity +
Has fertility typeSelf fertile + and Lepidoptera +
Has flowers of typeHermaphrodite +
Has hardiness zone8 +
Has imageDianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG +
Has lifecycle typePerennial +
Has material partUnknown part +
Has material useEssential + and Soap +
Has mature height1 +
Has mature width0.5 +
Has medicinal partUnknown part +
Has medicinal useAntispasmodic +, Cardiotonic +, Diaphoretic +, Febrifuge +, Nervine + and Stimulant +
Has primary imageDianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG +
Has salinity toleranceTolerant +
Has search namedianthus caryophyllus + and carnation +
Has shade toleranceNo shade +
Has soil ph preferenceAcid +, Neutral +, Alkaline + and Very alkaline +
Has soil texture preferenceSandy +, Loamy + and Clay +
Has soil water retention preferenceWell drained +
Has sun preferenceFull sun +
Has taxonomic rankSpecies +
Has taxonomy nameDianthus caryophyllus +
Has water requirementsmoderate +
Is taxonomy typeSpecies +
PFAF cultivation notes migratedNo +
PFAF edible use notes migratedNo +
PFAF material use notes migratedNo +
PFAF medicinal use notes migratedNo +
PFAF propagation notes migratedNo +
PFAF toxicity notes migratedYes +
Tolerates maritime exposureYes +
Tolerates nutritionally poor soilNo +
Tolerates windYes +
Uses mature size measurement unitMeters +
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